增材制造吸声超结构仿生设计与吸声性能研究

doi:10.3901/JME.260423

机械工程学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (9): 311-322.doi: 10.3901/JME.260423

• 数字化设计与制造 • 上一篇

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增材制造吸声超结构仿生设计与吸声性能研究

袁宇成¹, 范军翔^1,2,3, 宋波¹, 史玉升¹

1. 华中科技大学材料成形与模具技术全国重点实验室武汉 430074;
2. 航天化学能源全国重点实验室襄阳 441003;
3. 湖北航天化学技术研究所襄阳 441003

收稿日期:2025-05-09 修回日期:2025-11-29 发布日期:2026-07-08
作者简介:袁宇成，男，2000年出生，博士研究生。主要研究方向为增材制造声学超结构。E-mail：yuchengyuan@hust.edu.cn;范军翔，男，1995年出生，博士。主要研究方向为声学超结构设计及其增材制造。E-mail：fanjunx95@163.com;宋波(通信作者)，男，1984年出生，博士，教授，博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为先进材料设计、超结构设计及其增材制造技术。E-mail：bosong@hust.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2023YFB4604800)和国家自然科学基金(52275331)资助项目。

Additive Manufacturing of Bio-inspired Bidirectional Sound-absorbing Metastructure

YUAN Yucheng¹, FAN Junxiang^1,2,3, SONG Bo¹, SHI Yusheng¹

1. State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074;
2. National Key Laboratory of Aerospace Chemical Power, Xiangyang 441003;
3. Hubei Institute of Aerospace Chemical Technology, Xiangyang 441003

Received:2025-05-09 Revised:2025-11-29 Published:2026-07-08

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 低频噪声控制一直是噪声控制领域的重点和难点。由于传统吸声材料吸收低频噪声的效果有限，声学超结构成为研究热点。其中，仿生结构作为一个重要的分支，在低频噪声吸收领域显示出巨大的潜力。本研究受笋螺的启发，设计了一种声学超结构，在一个单胞中耦合了两个螺旋声道，提出了仿笋螺双向吸声超结构(CBAAM)。CBAAM样品由增材制造(AM)技术制备，其双向吸声性能通过有限元模拟和声阻抗管测试得到验证，结果表明面1的吸声频率为168 Hz和438 Hz，面2的吸声频率为166 Hz和462 Hz。研究表明，吸声性能主要来自共振效应，一些关键的几何参数对CBAAM的吸声性能有显著影响。此外，本研究还讨论了CBAAM与其他不同材料的复合情况，以分析各种材料成分对其机械性能的影响。CBAAM的轻量化和双向吸声性能在噪声控制领域具有广阔的应用前景。

关键词: 超材料, 增材制造, 仿生设计, 双向吸声

Abstract: Suppression of low-frequency noise has always been a key focus and challenge in the field of noise control. Due to the limited effectiveness of traditional sound-absorbing materials in absorbing low-frequency noise, metastructure have emerged as a hot research topic. Among them, biomimetic structures, as an important branch, show great potential in the field of low-frequency noise absorption. In this study, a acoustic absorption metamaterial inspired by a conch is designed, where two spiral sound channels are coupled in a single unit cell, proposing a Conch-like bidirectional acoustic absorption metamaterial (CBAAM). CBAAM sampleswere produced by additive manufacturing (AM) technology, and their bidirectional acoustic absorption performance is validated through finite element simulations and acoustic impedance tube tests, showing a absorption performance of (168 Hz, 438 Hz) at face 1 and (166 Hz, 462 Hz) at face 2. The study revealed that the acoustic absorption performance mainly contributed from resonant effect, and some key geometric parameters had significant impact on the acoustic performance of CBAAM. Additionally, the study explored the composite of CBAAM with other different materials to analyze the influence of various material compositions on its compressive mechanical properties. The lightweight and bidirectional sound absorption performance of CBAAM may have broad application prospects in the field of acoustic control.

Key words: metamaterails, additive manufacturing, bioinspired, bidirection acoustic absorbing

中图分类号:

TB535

袁宇成, 范军翔, 宋波, 史玉升. 增材制造吸声超结构仿生设计与吸声性能研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2026, 62(9): 311-322.

YUAN Yucheng, FAN Junxiang, SONG Bo, SHI Yusheng. Additive Manufacturing of Bio-inspired Bidirectional Sound-absorbing Metastructure[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(9): 311-322.

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增材制造吸声超结构仿生设计与吸声性能研究

Additive Manufacturing of Bio-inspired Bidirectional Sound-absorbing Metastructure

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