双层帘线增强空气弹簧橡胶气囊各向异性超-黏弹性本构模型

doi:10.3901/JME.260210

机械工程学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (8): 49-59.doi: 10.3901/JME.260210

• 特邀专辑：汽车线控底盘 • 上一篇下一篇

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双层帘线增强空气弹簧橡胶气囊各向异性超-黏弹性本构模型

陈俊杰¹, 唐禹洲², 杨树军², 邬明宇³

1. 江西理工大学机电工程学院赣州 341000;
2. 燕山大学车辆与能源学院秦皇岛 066004;
3. 上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院上海 200240

收稿日期:2025-08-07 修回日期:2025-12-30 出版日期:2026-04-20 发布日期:2026-06-12
作者简介:陈俊杰,男,1984年出生,博士,教授。主要从事运载车辆智能悬架方面的研究。E-mail:cjj852456@163.com;邬明宇(通信作者),男,1966年出生,博士、博士后,助理研究员。主要从事重载车辆底盘动力学、半主动悬架技术和智能轮胎技术等方面的研究。E-mail:wmy_marvin@sjtu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52362053)。

Constitutive Model of Anisotropic Hyper-viscoelasticity for Double-layer Cord Reinforced Air Spring Rubber Bellows

CHEN Junjie¹, TANG Yuzhou², YANG Shujun², WU Mingyu³

1. School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000;
2. School of Vehicles and Energy, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004;
3. School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240

Received:2025-08-07 Revised:2025-12-30 Online:2026-04-20 Published:2026-06-12

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 车用空气弹簧橡胶气囊采用橡胶-双层帘线复合材料，具有大变形条件下迟滞非线性、各向异性、应变率相关性等力学特性。为准确描述其材料力学行为，根据气囊结构层级巧妙将单位体积下应变能函数解耦为橡胶超弹性应变能、帘线拉伸应变能、橡胶-帘线角剪切应变能与橡胶黏弹性应变能四部分，构建橡胶气囊工程应变-工程应力的映射关系，提出一种橡胶-双层帘线复合的空气弹簧橡胶气囊各向异性超-黏弹性本构模型。结果表明，该模型可以有效预测橡胶气囊迟滞非线性、各向异性、应变率相关等力学特性，与试验数据的最大相对误差不超过5.78%，所建模型能够有效表征橡胶-双层帘线复合的空气弹簧橡胶气囊超弹性、黏弹性等力学行为，模型具有参数易定、预测准确的特点，研究结果为车用空气弹簧迟滞非线性力学特性的精确设计与匹配奠定了理论基础。

关键词: 橡胶气囊, 双层帘线增强, 超-黏弹性, 本构模型, 空气弹簧

Abstract: The automotive air spring rubber bellows is made of a rubber-double-layer cord composite material, featuring mechanical properties such as hysteresis nonlinearity, anisotropy, and rate dependence under large deformation conditions. To accurately describe the material mechanical behaviour of the bellows, the strain energy function per unit volume is ingeniously decoupled into four parts: rubber hyperelastic strain energy, cord stretching strain energy, rubber-cord angular shear strain energy, and rubber viscoelastic strain energy, based on the hierarchical structure of the bellows. A mapping relationship between engineering strain and engineering stress for the rubber bellows is established, and an anisotropic hyper-viscoelastic constitutive model for the air spring rubber bellows made of rubber-dual-layer cord composite is proposed. The result show that this model can effectively predict the hysteresis nonlinearity, anisotropy, and rate dependence of the rubber bellows, with the maximum relative error between the predicted and experimental data not exceeding 5.78%. The established model can effectively characterize the hyperelastic and viscoelastic mechanical behaviors of the air spring rubber bellows made of rubber-dual-layer cord composite, and the model has the characteristics of simplicity, ease of parameter determination, and accurate prediction. The research results provide a theoretical basis for the precise design and matching of the delayed nonlinearity mechanical properties of automotive air springs.

Key words: rubber bellows, double-layer cord reinforced, hyper-viscoelasticity, constitutive model, air spring

中图分类号:

TG156

陈俊杰, 唐禹洲, 杨树军, 邬明宇. 双层帘线增强空气弹簧橡胶气囊各向异性超-黏弹性本构模型[J]. 机械工程学报, 2026, 62(8): 49-59.

CHEN Junjie, TANG Yuzhou, YANG Shujun, WU Mingyu. Constitutive Model of Anisotropic Hyper-viscoelasticity for Double-layer Cord Reinforced Air Spring Rubber Bellows[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(8): 49-59.

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http://www.cjmenet.com.cn/CN/Y2026/V62/I8/49

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双层帘线增强空气弹簧橡胶气囊各向异性超-黏弹性本构模型

Constitutive Model of Anisotropic Hyper-viscoelasticity for Double-layer Cord Reinforced Air Spring Rubber Bellows

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