对接路面边界轮胎瞬态动力学响应特性及其建模

doi:10.3901/JME.260285

机械工程学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (8): 60-70.doi: 10.3901/JME.260285

• 特邀专辑：汽车线控底盘 • 上一篇下一篇

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对接路面边界轮胎瞬态动力学响应特性及其建模

廉智佳¹, 卢剑伟¹, 魏恒¹, 诸应杰¹, 王慎平², 李崇兵²

1. 合肥工业大学汽车与交通工程学院合肥 230009;
2. 浦林成山(山东)轮胎有限公司研发中心威海 264300

收稿日期:2025-09-01 修回日期:2026-01-12 出版日期:2026-04-20 发布日期:2026-06-12
作者简介:廉智佳,男,2002年出生。主要研究方向为车辆动力学与控制。E-mail:2024111449@mail.hfut.edu.cn;卢剑伟(通信作者),男,1975年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为动力学与控制、振动噪声、可靠性等。E-mail:jwlu75@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52402477)。

Transient Dynamic Response Characteristics of Tires at μ-step Road Boundaries and Modeling

LIAN Zhijia¹, LU Jianwei¹, WEI Heng¹, ZHU Yingjie¹, WANG Shenping², LI Chongbing²

1. School of Automotive and Transportation Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009;
2. Research and Development Center, Prinx Chengshan (Shandong) Tire Company Ltd., Weihai 264300

Received:2025-09-01 Revised:2026-01-12 Online:2026-04-20 Published:2026-06-12

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 对接路面下轮胎的瞬态力学特性对车辆的操纵稳定性至关重要。基于刷子模型分析轮胎与路面之间的接触关系，结合本构关系及初边条件推导纵/侧向复合工况下刷子模型中胎面单元变形量的偏微分方程，给出基于胎面单元变形量的轮胎力与回正力矩的数学表达式并将单一路面下的胎面单元变形修正函数扩展至复杂动态路面。考虑动静摩擦系数的影响，通过数值算例研究不同路面及车轮力矩和前轮转角激励下的胎面变形行为和轮胎力的变化规律，结果表明复杂动态路面下胎面单元的变形受限于路面附着情况，轮胎与路面接触区域中的胎面单元变形之间存在相互耦合关系。对接路面边界工况下处于原始路面的胎面单元变形呈现出一种单位阶跃输入下二阶欠阻尼系统瞬态响应特征，最终收敛至由滑移率或侧偏角确定的切线上。此外，车轮在过对接路面边界轮胎力的响应会存在一定滞后，滑移率或侧偏角越小、车轮滚动速度越小滞后时间越长。

关键词: 轮胎动力学, 对接路面, 瞬态特性, 复合工况

Abstract: The transient dynamic characteristics of tires on μ-step roads are critical to vehicle handling performance. Based on the brush-model to analyze the contact relationship between tire and road, combined with the constitutive relationship and initial boundary conditions, the partial differential equations for the deformation of the tread element in the brush model under combined working conditions are derived. Mathematical expressions for tire forces and aligning moments based on tread element deformation are provided. The tread element deformation correction function under a single road surface is extended to complex dynamic road. Considering the influence of static and dynamic friction coefficients, numerical examples investigate the deformation behavior of the tread and the variation patterns of tire forces under different road surfaces, wheel torque, and front wheel angle excitations. Results indicate that under complex dynamic road surfaces, the deformation of tread elements is constrained by road surface adhesion conditions. And there are mutual coupling relationships between tread element deformations within the tire-road contact area. Under μ-step road boundary conditions, the deformation of tread elements on the original road surface exhibits transient response characteristics of a second-order underdamped system under a unit step input, ultimately converging to a tangent line determined by slip ratio or side slip angle. Additionally, the tire force response exhibits a certain degree of lag when the wheel crosses the boundary of the μ-step road. The lag time increases as the slip ratio or side slip angle decreases and as the wheel rolling speed decreases.

Key words: tire dynamics, μ-step road, transient characteristics, combined conditions

中图分类号:

U461

廉智佳, 卢剑伟, 魏恒, 诸应杰, 王慎平, 李崇兵. 对接路面边界轮胎瞬态动力学响应特性及其建模[J]. 机械工程学报, 2026, 62(8): 60-70.

LIAN Zhijia, LU Jianwei, WEI Heng, ZHU Yingjie, WANG Shenping, LI Chongbing. Transient Dynamic Response Characteristics of Tires at μ-step Road Boundaries and Modeling[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(8): 60-70.

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对接路面边界轮胎瞬态动力学响应特性及其建模

Transient Dynamic Response Characteristics of Tires at μ-step Road Boundaries and Modeling

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