基于激光扫描模拟的预应力喷丸变形等效计算模型研究

doi:10.3901/JME.2025.20.143

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 预应力喷丸成形是成形大型薄壁结构件的一种重要工艺方法。然而，成形过程中涉及的复杂弹塑性变形为直接计算指定喷丸参数下的变形响应带来了挑战。在能量等效概念的基础上，提出一种将喷丸成形与激光成形相关联的综合策略，从而建立一个喷丸等效数值模型。通过将预应力喷丸成形过程中弹丸束的能量与预载荷条件下激光成形过程中激光束的能量等效处理，从而利用激光扫描诱导温度场实现受喷零件宏观变形的等效模拟。结果表明，影响激光成形过程的关键因素是激光功率、扫描速度、板材宽度和厚度。在其他参数保持不变的情况下，等效激光能量可通过弹丸束能量以及能量等效因子确定。等效模拟结果与实际喷丸试验结果平均误差为5.108%，最大误差小于10%(为9.908%)，可满足工业生产的精度要求。在能量等效的基础上建立了预应力喷丸成形的等效数值模型，可进一步用于指导喷丸变形预测和工艺参数设计。

关键词: 喷丸成形, 预应力, 能量等效, 薄板弯曲

Abstract: Prestress shot peen forming is an essential method for forming large-size thin-walled structural parts. However, the complex elastic-plastic deformation involved in the forming process presents a challenge in calculating directly the deformation response under the specified peening parameters. The energy of the shot beam in the shot peen forming process is equivalently converted to that of the laser beam in the laser forming process, enabling the equivalent simulation of macroscopic deformation of the shot-peened workpiece using the laser-induced temperature field. It is proven that the essential factors affecting the laser forming process are the laser power, scanning speed, the width and thickness of the plate. When other parameters remain constant, the equivalent laser energy can be determined by the impact energy of the shot beam and the equivalence factor. The average error of the proposed model is 5.108 %, with a maximum error of less than 10 %, demonstrating a well agreement between the simulation and test results. An equivalent numerical model of prestressed shot peening has been developed on the basis of energy equivalence, which can be further used to guide the prediction of shot peening deformation and the design of process parameters.

Key words: shot peen forming, pre-stress, energy equivalence, thin plate bending

中图分类号:

V261

王桐, 徐潇杰, 王万礼, 杨倩, 张挺, 杨毅. 基于激光扫描模拟的预应力喷丸变形等效计算模型研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2025, 61(20): 143-153.

WANG Tong, XU Xiaojie, WANG Wanli, YANG Qian, ZHANG Ting, YANG Yi. Study for Equivalent Simulation of Prestress Peen Forming Based on the Laser Forming Method[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 61(20): 143-153.

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