• CN:11-2187/TH
  • ISSN:0577-6686

机械工程学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (13): 213-221.doi: 10.3901/JME.2025.13.213

• 摩擦学 • 上一篇    

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磁性液体密封自愈合特性的影响因素实验研究

陈诺, 李德才   

  1. 清华大学高端装备界面科学与技术全国重点实验室 北京 100084
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-17 修回日期:2024-12-22 发布日期:2025-08-09
  • 作者简介:陈诺,男,1997年出生,博士研究生。主要研究方向为磁性液体密封。E-mail:chenn19@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn;李德才(通信作者),男,1965年出生,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为机电液磁一体化的理论及应用。E-mail:lidecai@tsinghua.mail.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(51927810)。

Experimental Study on Factors Influencing Self-restoring Characteristic of Magnetic Fluid Seal

CHEN Nuo, LI Decai   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
  • Received:2024-07-17 Revised:2024-12-22 Published:2025-08-09

摘要: 磁性液体密封的自愈合特性是其独有特性,尤其在复杂危险的特殊环境中,可以在密封发生失效后发挥应急作用,迅速恢复一定密封能力。为探究此性能,设计了一套实验系统,从磁性液体本身物理化学性质以及密封结构两个方面的影响,对磁性液体密封自愈合特性进行了实验探究。结果表明,黏度为531.40 mPa·s的磁性液体,在自愈合长度15 mm情况下的密封拥有非常高的自愈合能力,最终自愈合平衡耐压比可达90%以上。同时,对于不同黏度的磁性液体存在最佳注入量,能够保证一定的密封能力的同时,也可以维持较高的自愈合能力水平。此外,提高磁性液体的饱和磁化强度,降低密封腔室内压力上升的速率,也都可以提高磁性液体密封的自愈合能力。

关键词: 磁性液体, 密封, 自愈合

Abstract: The self-restoring characteristic of magnetic fluid seals is unique compared to other types of seals. This feature is particularly useful in complex and hazardous environments, where they can serve as an emergency solution in the event of seal rupture and quickly restore some sealing capacity. An experimental system is developed to investigate the factors that influence the self-restoring performance of a magnetic fluid seal, including the magnetic fluid's inner physicochemical properties and outer factors such as the seal's structure. The results indicate that viscosity and self-restoring length are key factors. The magnetic fluid seal with a viscosity of approximately 531.40 mPa·s and a self-restoring length of 15 mm can achieve a final restoring pressure of over 90%. Furthermore, there exists an optimal injection quantity for magnetic fluids with disparate viscosities, which can improve the self-restoring capacity of the seal while maintaining high sealing capacity. Additionally, the self-restoring ability can also be enhanced by improving the saturation magnetization of the magnetic fluid and reducing the rate of pressure increase in the seal chamber.

Key words: magnetic fluid, seal, self-restoring

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