试样构形和裂纹取向对Zr-2.5Nb合金压力管断裂韧性的影响研究

doi:10.3901/JME.2025.12.173

机械工程学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (12): 173-181.doi: 10.3901/JME.2025.12.173

• 材料科学与工程 • 上一篇

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试样构形和裂纹取向对Zr-2.5Nb合金压力管断裂韧性的影响研究

吴志懿¹, 曹昱澎², 赵冠楠², 徐习凯¹, 包陈¹

1. 西南交通大学应用力学与结构安全四川省重点实验室成都 610031;
2. 上海核工程研究设计院股份有限公司上海 200233

收稿日期:2024-10-15 修回日期:2025-01-21 发布日期:2025-08-07
作者简介:吴志懿，男，1999年出生。主要研究方向为重水堆压力管断裂韧性评估方法。E-mail：287762210@qq.com;包陈(通信作者)，男，1982年出生，博士，教授，博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为结构完整性评估、先进力学测试理论与方法、疲劳与断裂力学。E-mail：bchxx@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(12072294)。

Influence of Sample Configuration and Crack Orientation on Fracture Toughness of Zr-2.5Nb Alloy Pressure Tube

WU Zhiyi¹, CAO Yupeng², ZHAO Guannan², XU Xikai¹, BAO Chen¹

1. Applied Mechanics and Structure Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031;
2. Shanghai Nuclear Engineering Research and Design Institute Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200233

Received:2024-10-15 Revised:2025-01-21 Published:2025-08-07

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 断裂韧性是评估重水堆用Zr-2.5Nb合金压力管安全性的必要力学参数之一。采用小试样开展压力管的断裂韧性研究具有用料少、试验流程简单、试验成本低等优势，特别对于辐照后压力管的断裂韧性评估，小试样相比原管内压爆破试验测得断裂韧性的优势更加突出。使用不同裂纹取向的单边裂纹弯曲(Single edged-notched bending，SEB)和紧凑拉伸(Compact tension，CT)试样开展了国产Zr-2.5Nb合金压力管的室温断裂试验，研究了试样构形和裂纹取向对其断裂韧性的影响规律。结果表明，国产Zr-2.5Nb合金压力管的环向屈服和抗拉强度明显高于轴向性能。轴向裂纹CT试样获得的压力管断裂韧性最大，环向裂纹SEB试样的断裂韧性最低，裂纹取向对SEB试样的断裂韧性影响较小。CT试样的扩展裂纹受曲面结构影响显著，呈现“山”字型特征，而SEB试样的扩展裂纹前沿平直度较好。相比轴向裂纹CT试样，采用环向裂纹SEB试样进行Zr-2.5Nb合金压力管的断裂安全评估将更加保守安全。

关键词: 国产Zr-2.5Nb合金压力管, 断裂韧性, SEB试样, CT试样, 裂纹取向

Abstract: Fracture toughness is one of the necessary mechanical parameters to evaluate the safety of Zr-2.5Nb alloy pressure tubes. The fracture toughness research of pressure tubes using small specimens has the advantages of less material, simplified test procedures, more economical. Especially for the fracture toughness assessment of irradiated pressure tube, the advantages of small specimens compared with the fracture toughness of the original tubes measured by rising pressure burst test are more prominent. Single edge-notched bending(SEB) and compact tension(CT) specimens with different crack orientations were used to perform fracture tests on domestic Zr-2.5Nb alloy pressure tubes at room temperature, and the influence of specimen configuration and crack orientation on the fracture toughness was investigated. The results show that the hoop yield strength and tensile strength of domestic Zr-2.5Nb alloy pressure tubes are significantly higher than the axial properties. The axially cracked CT specimen presents the highest fracture toughness of the pressure tube, and the circumferentially cracked SEB specimen gets the lowest value, and the crack orientation has little effect on the fracture toughness of the two type of the SEB specimens. The growing crack of the CT specimen is significantly affected by the curved surface structure, showing the “mountain” character, while the flatness of the growing crack front of the SEB specimen is better. Compared with the axially cracked CT specimens, it is safer to use the circumferentially cracked SEB specimens for fracture safety evaluation of Zr-2.5Nb alloy pressure tubes.

Key words: domestic Zr-2.5Nb alloy pressure tube, fracture toughness, SEB specimen, CT specimen, crack orientation

中图分类号:

O346

吴志懿, 曹昱澎, 赵冠楠, 徐习凯, 包陈. 试样构形和裂纹取向对Zr-2.5Nb合金压力管断裂韧性的影响研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2025, 61(12): 173-181.

WU Zhiyi, CAO Yupeng, ZHAO Guannan, XU Xikai, BAO Chen. Influence of Sample Configuration and Crack Orientation on Fracture Toughness of Zr-2.5Nb Alloy Pressure Tube[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 61(12): 173-181.

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试样构形和裂纹取向对Zr-2.5Nb合金压力管断裂韧性的影响研究

Influence of Sample Configuration and Crack Orientation on Fracture Toughness of Zr-2.5Nb Alloy Pressure Tube

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