真空退火对超音速火焰喷涂AlCoCrFeNiCu高熵合金涂层耐磨损性能的影响

doi:10.3901/JME.2025.10.075

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了提高煤层气钻探机具关键零部件的耐磨损性能，采用超音速火焰喷涂技术(High velocity oxygen fuel,HVOF)在35CrMo钢基体上制备AlCoCrFeNiCu高熵合金涂层，并对高熵合金涂层进行不同温度(500、700和900℃)真空退火处理。采用SEM、XRD、显微硬度测试仪等对高熵合金涂层微观组织、相结构和显微硬度进行分析，接着对高熵合金涂层进行了干摩擦磨损试验和在煤层气钻井液中的腐蚀磨损试验。试验结果表明：真空退火处理后高熵合金涂层的组织结构更加均匀，显微硬度和耐磨损性能得到不同程度的提升。500℃真空退火高熵合金涂层的显微硬度最高(737±33) HV_0.2，耐磨损性能最为优异，分别为(5.2±0.3)×10⁻⁵ mm³·N⁻¹·m⁻¹(干摩擦磨损)和(2.4±0.1)×10⁻⁵ mm³·N⁻¹·m⁻¹(腐蚀磨损)。干摩擦磨损时AlCoCrFeNiCu高熵合金涂层的主要磨损机理为磨粒磨损、粘着磨损和氧化磨损；在煤层气钻井液中腐蚀磨损时，高熵合金涂层的主要磨损机制为磨粒磨损、粘着磨损和腐蚀磨损。

关键词: AlCoCrFeNiCu, 高熵合金涂层, 真空退火, 磨损

Abstract: In order to enhance the wear resistance of key components of coalbed methane(CBM) drilling tools, High velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) technology was used to prepare AlCoCrFeNiCu high entropy coatings(HEC) on the 35CrMo steel substrate, and the HEC was vacuum annealed at various temperatures (500, 700 and 900 ℃). The microstructure, phase structure and microhardness of the high entropy alloy coating were analyzed by SEM, XRD and microhardness tester. Then friction and wear tests were conducted on the HEC (including dry sliding wear and wet sliding wear in CBM drilling fluid). The results show that an appropriate vacuum annealing process can enhance the uniformity of the HEC structure, as well as improve its hardness and wear resistance. The AlCoCrFeNiCu HEC annealed at 500 ℃ has the highest microhardness (737±33) HV_0.2 and the best wear resistance, which is (5.2±0.3)×10⁻⁵ mm³·N⁻¹·m⁻¹ (dry sliding wear) and (2.4±0.1)×10⁻⁵ mm³·N⁻¹·m⁻¹ (wet sliding wear). The wear mechanism of the AlCoCrFeNiCu HEC under dry sliding wear is mainly abrasive wear, adhesion wear and oxidation wear. Besides, the wear mechanism of the AlCoCrFeNiCu HEC under wet sliding wear is mainly abrasive wear, adhesive wear and corrosion wear.

Key words: AlCoCrFeNiCu, high entropy coating, vacuum annealing, wear

中图分类号:

TH117

周永宽, 康嘉杰, 马国政, 刘宇赫, 李瑞峰. 真空退火对超音速火焰喷涂AlCoCrFeNiCu高熵合金涂层耐磨损性能的影响[J]. 机械工程学报, 2025, 61(10): 75-89.

ZHOU Yongkuan, KANG Jiajie, MA Guozheng, LIU Yuhe, LI Ruifeng. Effect of Vacuum Annealing Treatment on the Wear Performance of AlCoCrFeNiCu High Entropy Coating Prepared by HVOF Technology[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 61(10): 75-89.

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