汽车涡轮增压系统泄压噪声分析及控制

doi:10.3901/JME.2022.24.223

机械工程学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (24): 223-232.doi: 10.3901/JME.2022.24.223

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汽车涡轮增压系统泄压噪声分析及控制

杨亮^1,2, 彭川¹, 李沛然³, 张晋源⁴, 杨洋⁴, 褚志刚¹

1. 重庆大学机械与运载工程学院重庆 400044;
2. 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司汽车振动噪声和安全技术国家重点实验室重庆 401133;
3. 中国汽车工程研究院股份有限公司重庆 401122;
4. 重庆工业职业技术学院车辆工程学院重庆 401120

收稿日期:2022-03-01 修回日期:2022-07-25 出版日期:2022-12-20 发布日期:2023-04-03
通讯作者: 褚志刚(通信作者),男,1978年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为汽车振动噪声分析与控制技术。E-mail:zgchu@cqu.edu.cn
作者简介:杨亮,男,1981年出生,博士研究生,研究员级高级工程师。主要研究方向为汽车噪声振动分析与控制技术。E-mail:yangliang2@changan.com.cn;彭川,男,1995年出生,硕士,助理工程师。主要研究方向为汽车振动噪声分析与控制技术。E-mail:201834131034@cqu.edu.cn;褚志刚(通信作者),男,1978年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为汽车振动噪声分析与控制技术。E-mail:zgchu@cqu.edu.cn
基金资助:
重庆市教育委员会科学技术研究项目（KJQN202103206）和汽车振动噪声和安全技术国家重点实验室开放基金资助项目（NVHSKL-202002）。

Analysis and Control on Pressure Relief Noise of Automobile Turbocharging System

YANG Liang^1,2, PENG Chuan¹, LI Peiran³, ZHANG Jinyuan⁴, YANG Yang⁴, CHU Zhigang¹

1. College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044;
2. State Key Laboratory of Vehicle NVH and Safety Technology, Chongqing ChangAn Automobile Co., Ltd., Chongqing 401133;
3. China Automobile Engineering Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chongqing 401122;
4. Faculty of Vehicle Engineering, Chongqing Industry Polytechnic College, Chongqing 401120

Received:2022-03-01 Revised:2022-07-25 Online:2022-12-20 Published:2023-04-03

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 涡轮增压系统在改善汽车动力性和燃油经济性的同时也带来了严重的噪声问题。为控制汽车涡轮增压系统泄压噪声，综合运用计算气动声学方法和动网格技术，分析泄压工况下泄压阀的准稳态响应和涡轮增压系统的瞬态响应，并结合宽带噪声源模型和声类比方法获取涡轮增压系统泄压噪声特性，揭示汽车涡轮增压器连续瞬变工况下泄压噪声的产生原因，明确泄压噪声强度与进气质量流量的关联。泄压噪声主要由壁面涡脱效应引起，呈现宽频特征，且声源强度随质量流量减小而降低。鉴于此，提出通过改进泄压阀结构进行进气质量流量控制进而实现泄压噪声控制，并对泄压阀结构进行改进设计。仿真分析结果表明改进后强声源区域明显减少，总声压级平均降低约24 dB，泄压噪声得到有效控制。改进样件装车试验亦验证控制措施的有效性。该研究为涡轮增压系统泄压噪声分析与控制这一行业难题的解决提供有益参考。

关键词: 汽车, 涡轮增压系统, 泄压噪声, 控制, 泄压阀

Abstract: While the turbocharging system improves automotive acceleration and fuel economy, it also brings serious noise problems. In order to control the pressure relief noise of automotive turbocharging system, the quasi-steady-state response of the pressure relief valve and the transient-state response of the turbocharging system under the pressure relief conditions are analyzed using the computational aeroacoustics method and the dynamic mesh technology. Combining the broadband noise source models and the acoustic analogy method, the pressure relief noise characteristics of the turbocharging system are obtained. The causes of pressure relief noise under continuous transient condition of automotive turbocharger are revealed, and the relationship between pressure relief noise intensity and intake mass flow rate is clarified. The results show that the pressure relief noise with broadband characteristics is mainly caused by vortex shedding of wall, and the sound source intensity decreases with the decrease of mass flow rate. On this basis, a strategy to control pressure relief noise by reducing the intake mass flow rate is proposed, and the structure of the pressure relief valve is redesigned. After the improvement, the area of the high-intensity sound source is significantly reduced, the total sound pressure level is reduced by about 24 dB on average, and the pressure relief noise is effectively controlled. The effect of the pressure relief noise control is also verified by the actual vehicle test of the physical prototype. The research provides a useful reference for the analysis and control of the pressure relief noise of turbocharging systems commonly faced in the automotive industry.

Key words: automobile, turbocharging system, pressure relief noise, control, pressure relief valve

中图分类号:

U464

杨亮, 彭川, 李沛然, 张晋源, 杨洋, 褚志刚. 汽车涡轮增压系统泄压噪声分析及控制[J]. 机械工程学报, 2022, 58(24): 223-232.

YANG Liang, PENG Chuan, LI Peiran, ZHANG Jinyuan, YANG Yang, CHU Zhigang. Analysis and Control on Pressure Relief Noise of Automobile Turbocharging System[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2022, 58(24): 223-232.

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汽车涡轮增压系统泄压噪声分析及控制

Analysis and Control on Pressure Relief Noise of Automobile Turbocharging System

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