齿轮磨损故障动态响应特征与诊断指标研究

doi:10.3901/JME.2021.17.120

机械工程学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (17): 120-131.doi: 10.3901/JME.2021.17.120

扫码分享

齿轮磨损故障动态响应特征与诊断指标研究

沈智宪^1,2, 乔百杰^1,2, 罗巍^1,2, 杨来浩^1,2, 陈雪峰^1,2

1. 西安交通大学机械工程学院西安 710049;
2. 西安交通大学机械制造系统工程国家重点实验室西安 710049

收稿日期:2020-09-16 修回日期:2021-01-16 发布日期:2021-11-16
通讯作者: 陈雪峰(通信作者),男,1975年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为机械装备动态分析与故障诊断。E-mail:chenxf@mail.xjtu.edu.cn
作者简介:沈智宪,男,1994年出生,博士研究生。主要研究方向为齿轮系统动力学。E-mail:shenzhixian1994@gmail.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划（2018YFB1702400）、国家自然科学基金（51705397和51705398）和陕西省自然科学基金（2019KJXX-043）资助项目。

Research on Dynamic Response Characteristics and Condition Indicators of Gear Wear Fault

SHEN Zhixian^1,2, QIAO Baijie^1,2, LUO Wei^1,2, YANG Laihao^1,2, CHEN Xuefeng^1,2

1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049;
2. The State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049

Received:2020-09-16 Revised:2021-01-16 Published:2021-11-16

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 齿轮磨损属于典型的早期故障，为监测齿轮磨损状态，开展齿轮磨损故障机理与诊断指标研究。采用解析建模的方法，定量研究了齿轮磨损对时变啮合刚度和无负载静态传递误差动力学参数的影响规律：采用Archard磨损模型计算齿轮齿面磨损深度，获得沿齿廓方向的非均匀磨损分布；采用势能法计算齿轮啮合刚度，揭示了齿轮磨损对啮合刚度幅值影响的定量规律；将齿轮磨损等效为轮齿齿廓偏差，揭示了齿轮磨损对无负载静态传递误差影响的定量规律。采用集中参数法建立齿轮传动的动力学模型，通过两级直齿轮疲劳寿命试验对比验证了齿轮磨损动态响应特征。结果表明，齿轮磨损主要影响齿轮啮合频率及其谐波成分，同时啮合频率及其谐波的边频带以转频为主，且随磨损增加出现明显变化。基于获得的磨损动态响应特征，构造了四个基于振动信号啮合频率边带的诊断指标，该指标对磨损状态变化敏感，通过仿真和试验验证了指标的有效性和鲁棒性。

关键词: 齿轮磨损, 动力学模型, 时变啮合刚度, 传递误差, 动态响应, 诊断指标

Abstract: Gear wear fault belongs to a typical incipient fault. In order to monitor gear wear status, the mechanism and condition indicators of gear wear fault are studied. The influence of gear wear on dynamic parameters such as time-varying meshing stiffness and unloaded static transmission error is quantitatively studied:the Archard wear model is used to calculate the wear depth of tooth surface, and the non-uniform wear distribution along the tooth profile is obtained. Time-varying mesh stiffness is calculated by the potential energy method, and the influence of gear wear on the amplitude of mesh stiffness is evaluated. Gear wear is equivalent to the tooth profile deviation, and the influence of gear wear on the unloaded static transmission error is calculated. The dynamics model of gear transmission is established by means of lumped parameter method and the dynamic response characteristics of gear wear fault is verified by fatigue life test of two stage spur gear. The results show that gear wear affects the meshing frequency and its harmonics. Meanwhile, the sidebands of meshing frequency and its harmonics are mainly composed of rotational frequencies, which changes obviously with the increase of wear depth. Based on the obtained dynamic response characteristics of wear fault, four condition indicators based on the meshing frequency sideband of vibration signal are constructed, which are sensitive to the change of wear state. The effectiveness and robustness of condition indicators are verified by simulation and experiments.

Key words: gear wear, dynamic model, time-varying mesh stiffness, transmission error, dynamic response, condition indicator

中图分类号:

TP277

沈智宪, 乔百杰, 罗巍, 杨来浩, 陈雪峰. 齿轮磨损故障动态响应特征与诊断指标研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2021, 57(17): 120-131.

SHEN Zhixian, QIAO Baijie, LUO Wei, YANG Laihao, CHEN Xuefeng. Research on Dynamic Response Characteristics and Condition Indicators of Gear Wear Fault[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2021, 57(17): 120-131.

参考文献

[1] FLODIN A,ANDERSSON S. Simulation of mild wear in spur gears[J]. Wear,1997,207(1-2):16-23.
[2] FLODIN A,ANDERSSON S. Simulation of mild wear in helical gears[J]. Wear,2000,241(2):123-128.
[3] BAJPAI P,KAHRAMAN A,ANDERSON N E. A surface wear prediction methodology for parallel-axis gear pairs[J]. ASME Journal of Tribology,2004,126(3):597-605.
[4] AKBARZADEH S,KHONSARI M M. Prediction of steady state adhesive wear in spur gears using the EHL load sharing concept[J]. ASME Journal of Tribology,2009,131(2):5.
[5] BERGSETH E,OLOFSSON U,LEWIS R,et al. Effect of gear surface and lubricant interaction on mild wear[J]. Tribology Letters,2012,48(2):183-200.
[6] INOUE S,IKEJO K,NAGAMURA K,et al. A prediction method of wear on tooth surface for spur gears[M]. New York:ASME,2014.
[7] DING H,KAHRAMAN A. Interactions between nonlinear spur gear dynamics and surface wear[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration,2007,307(3-5):662-679.
[8] KAHRAMAN A,DING H L. A methodology to predict surface wear of planetary gears under dynamic conditions[J]. Mechanics Based Design of Structures and Machines,2010,38(4):493-515.
[9] AMARNATH M,CHANDRAMOHAN S,SEETHARAMAN S. Experimental investigations of surface wear assessment of spur gear teeth[J]. Journal of Vibration and Control,2012,18(7):1009-1024.
[10] BRETHEE K F,ZHEN D,GU F,et al. Helical gear wear monitoring:modelling and experimental validation[J]. Mechanism and Machine Theory,2017,117(20):210-229.
[11] 冯松,毛军红,谢友柏. 齿面磨损对齿轮啮合刚度影响的计算与分析[J]. 机械工程学报,2015,51(15):27-32. FENG Song,MAO Junhong,XIE Youbai. Analysis and calculation of gear mesh stiffness with tooth wear[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2015,51(15):27-32.
[12] 杨勇,王家序,周青华,等. 考虑摩擦的磨损和修形齿轮啮合刚度计算[J]. 工程科学与技术,2018,50(2):212-219. YANG Yong,WANG Jiaxu,ZHOU Qinghua,et al. Stiffness calculation considering friction for a spur gear pair with tooth wear and profile modification[J]. Advanced Engineering Sciences,2018,50(2):212-219.
[13] CHEN W,LEI Y,FU Y,et al. A study of effects of tooth surface wear on time-varying mesh stiffness of external spur gear considering wear evolution process[J]. Mechanism and Machine Theory,2021,155:104055.
[14] SHEN Z,QIAO B,YANG L, et al. Evaluating the influence of tooth surface wear on TVMS of planetary gear set[J]. Mechanism and Machine Theory, 2019, 136(18):206-223.
[15] SHEN Z,QIAO B,YANG L,et al. Fault mechanism and dynamic modeling of planetary gear with gear wear[J]. Mechanism and Machine Theory,2021,155:104098.
[16] ATANASIU V,OPRIŞAN C,LEOHCHI D. The effect of tooth wear on the dynamic transmission error of helical gears with smaller number of pinion teeth[J]. Applied Mechanics and Materials,2014,657(4):649-653.
[17] LIU X Z,YANG Y H,ZHANG J. Investigation on coupling effects between surface wear and dynamics in a spur gear system[J]. Tribology International,2016,101(12):383-394.
[18] FENG K,SMITH W A,BORGHESANI P,et al. Use of cyclostationary properties of vibration signals to identify gear wear mechanisms and track wear evolution[J]. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing,2021,150:107258.
[19] FENG K,SMITH W A,PENG Z. Use of an improved vibration-based updating methodology for gear wear prediction[J]. Engineering Failure Analysis,2021,120:105066.
[20] CHIN Z Y,SMITH W A,BORGHESANI P,et al. Absolute transmission error:A simple new tool for assessing gear wear[J]. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing,2021,146:107070.
[21] CHAARI F,FAKHFAKH T,HADDAR M. Analytical modelling of spur gear tooth crack and influence on gearmesh stiffness[J]. European Journal of Mechanics A-Solids,2009,28(3):461-468.
[22] 闻邦椿. 机械设计手册(第2卷)[M]. 5版. 北京:机械工业出版社,2010. WEN Bangchun. Mechanical design manual (Volume 2)[M]. 5th ed. Beijing:China Machine Press,2010.
[23] CHEN Z,SHAO Y. Mesh stiffness calculation of a spur gear pair with tooth profile modification and tooth root crack[J]. Mechanism and Machine Theory,2013,62(4):63-74.
[24] 王建军,李其汉,李润方. 齿轮系统非线性振动研究进展[J]. 力学进展,2005,035(001):37-51. WANG Jianjun,LI Qihan,LI Runfang. Research advances for nonlinear vibration of gear transmission systems[J]. Advances in Mechanics,2005,35(1):37-51.
[25] QIN Y,XIANG S,CHAI Y,et al. Macroscopic-microscopic attention in LSTM networks based on fusion features for gear remaining life prediction[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2020,67(12):10865-10875.

齿轮磨损故障动态响应特征与诊断指标研究

Research on Dynamic Response Characteristics and Condition Indicators of Gear Wear Fault

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	张行, 富宽, 陈铭浩, 李睿, 石新娜. 压差式多节串联管道机器人越障时动力学演化规律及减振分析[J]. 机械工程学报, 2024, 60(8): 348-359.
[2]	姚静, 杨帅, 殷航, 王运昌, 王文静, 丘铭军. 基于阀芯位移软测量的数字阀智能驱动方法研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2024, 60(4): 155-166.
[3]	曹杰, 任尊松, 查浩, 徐宁, 杨超. 高速动车组齿轮箱轴承载荷特性研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2024, 60(15): 173-184.
[4]	邓智铭, 黄土地, 黄洪钟, 尉询楷, 王浩. 变工况条件下角接触球轴承疲劳剥落故障演化加速试验载荷谱研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2024, 60(13): 193-204.
[5]	陈再刚, 唐亮, 杨吉忠, 陈志辉, 翟婉明. 考虑齿轮齿条动态激励的山地齿轨车辆-轨道耦合动力学特性分析[J]. 机械工程学报, 2023, 59(8): 163-173.
[6]	邓磊鑫, 谢清林, 陶功权, 温泽峰. 基于轴箱振动与动力学模型驱动的高速列车车轮失圆状态识别方法[J]. 机械工程学报, 2023, 59(3): 110-121.
[7]	陈彪, 江浩斌, 栗欢欢, 赵钱, 王天鸶. 基于气液动力学热耦合模型的动力电池SOC估算[J]. 机械工程学报, 2023, 59(22): 163-175.
[8]	熊万里, 曾旭, 张翰乾, 李媛媛, 原帅, 金志鑫. 全液体静压支承结构磨削系统的磨削成圆规律及圆度极限预测[J]. 机械工程学报, 2023, 59(21): 85-98.
[9]	杨绍普, 顾晓辉, 刘永强, 邓飞跃, 刘泽潮, 刘文朋, 王宝森. 转向架关键运动部件动力学机理与故障诊断研究综述[J]. 机械工程学报, 2023, 59(20): 225-243.
[10]	丁孺琦, 王振, 程敏, 徐兵, 刘子辰. 基于模型控制的液压机械臂高精度轨迹跟踪[J]. 机械工程学报, 2023, 59(14): 298-309.
[11]	李春明, 鲍珂. 基于载荷传递路径的履带车辆多层级耦合动力学建模与分析[J]. 机械工程学报, 2023, 59(13): 157-174.
[12]	谭建军, 朱才朝, 李浩, 宋朝省, 董晔弘. 基础运动对漂浮式风电机组齿轮箱传动系统附加激励的影响[J]. 机械工程学报, 2023, 59(1): 35-49.
[13]	彭城, 曹宏瑞, 朱玉彬, 陈雪峰. 三点接触球轴承打滑动力学分析与验证[J]. 机械工程学报, 2023, 59(1): 123-130.
[14]	张佐乾, 吴红飞, 杨帆, 杜益如, 余海涛, 刘越, 邢岩. 高峰均比脉冲功率独立电源系统关键技术研究综述^*[J]. 电气工程学报, 2023, 18(1): 43-55.
[15]	江红祥, 刘送永, 蔡芝源. 滚刀振动切削岩石动力学特性[J]. 机械工程学报, 2022, 58(7): 152-165.