螺距误差下的螺纹副应力分布及其对装配预紧力的影响研究

doi:10.3901/JME.2021.17.132

机械工程学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (17): 132-148.doi: 10.3901/JME.2021.17.132

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螺距误差下的螺纹副应力分布及其对装配预紧力的影响研究

张伟¹, 刘阳¹, 侯博文¹, 陈德安¹, 孙伟¹, 韩啸²

1. 大连理工大学机械工程学院大连 116024;
2. 大连理工大学工程力学系大连 116024

收稿日期:2020-09-19 修回日期:2021-02-18 发布日期:2021-11-16
通讯作者: 韩啸(通信作者),男,1986年出生,博士,副教授,硕士研究生导师。主要研究方向为轻质金属和复合材料轻量化连接技术及其环境耐久性。E-mail:hanxiao@dlut.edu.cn
作者简介:张伟,男,1985年出生,博士,副教授,硕士研究生导师。主要研究方向为航空发动机智能化装配理论与高性能连接结构的数字化精准设计。E-mail:weizhang@dlut.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金（52075077）、航空动力装备振动及控制教育部重点实验室（东北大学）开放项目（VCAME202005）、辽宁省自然科学基金（20180551006）、国家科技重大专项（2017-VII-0010-0105）资助项目。

Effect of Pitch Difference on Stress Distribution of Thread Pair and Preload

ZHANG Wei¹, LIU Yang¹, HOU Bowen¹, CHEN Dean¹, SUN Wei¹, HAN Xiao²

1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024;
2. Department of Engineering Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024

Received:2020-09-19 Revised:2021-02-18 Published:2021-11-16

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 螺栓连接结构中的螺纹副和端面接触应力分布规律对装配预紧力以及连接可靠性起着关键的作用，螺纹加工过程中所产生的螺距误差使理想条件下的接触应力发生变化，其导致的螺牙啮合顺序变化不仅会影响螺纹副的应力分布还会对端面的应力分布产生影响，使螺栓拧紧过程中的扭矩与预紧力关系也随之发生变化。针对上述现象，以M10螺栓连接为例，建立了考虑螺距误差下的螺牙啮合理论模型，揭示了应力重分布的产生机理；建立了全参数化的螺栓拧紧过程三维有限元模型，分析了不同的螺距误差分布模式对螺纹副应力、端面应力以及螺栓装配预紧力的影响规律，并通过对内外螺距的选配实现了螺纹副应力均匀分布。最后，通过单螺栓拧紧实验建立了螺距误差与螺纹摩擦扭矩、端面摩擦扭矩以及螺栓预紧力的关联关系，验证了仿真模型以及上述理论的准确性。

关键词: 螺距误差, 螺纹副, 应力分布, 预紧力

Abstract: The contact stress distribution law of the thread pair and the bearing surface in the bolt connection structure plays a key role in the assembly preload and connection reliability. The thread pitch difference generated during the threading process changes the contact stress under ideal conditions. The resulting change in thread engagement sequence will not only affect the stress distribution of the thread pair but also the stress distribution of the bearing surface, so that the relationship between the torque and the preload during the bolt tightening process will also change. Aiming at the above phenomenon, taking M10 bolt connection as an example, the theoretical model of screw thread engagement under the pitch difference is established, and the mechanism of stress redistribution is revealed. A fully parameterized three-dimensional finite element model of the bolt tightening process is established, and different The influence of the thread pitch difference distribution pattern on the thread pair stress, bearing surface stress and bolt assembly preload, and through the selection of internal and external thread pitches, the thread pair stress is evenly distributed. Finally, through the single bolt tightening experiment, the relationship between the pitch difference and the thread friction torque, bearing friction torque and bolt preload is established, and the accuracy of the simulation model and the above theory is verified.

Key words: pitch difference, thread pair, stress distribution, preload

中图分类号:

TH122

张伟, 刘阳, 侯博文, 陈德安, 孙伟, 韩啸. 螺距误差下的螺纹副应力分布及其对装配预紧力的影响研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2021, 57(17): 132-148.

ZHANG Wei, LIU Yang, HOU Bowen, CHEN Dean, SUN Wei, HAN Xiao. Effect of Pitch Difference on Stress Distribution of Thread Pair and Preload[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2021, 57(17): 132-148.

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螺距误差下的螺纹副应力分布及其对装配预紧力的影响研究

Effect of Pitch Difference on Stress Distribution of Thread Pair and Preload

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