切削工况下机床主轴回转精度动态预测方法

doi:10.3901/JME.2020.17.240

机械工程学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (17): 240-248.doi: 10.3901/JME.2020.17.240

• 数字化设计与制造 • 上一篇

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切削工况下机床主轴回转精度动态预测方法

康婷¹, 曹宏瑞^1,2

1. 西安交通大学机械工程学院西安 710049;
2. 西安交通大学机械制造系统工程国家重点实验室西安 710049

收稿日期:2019-09-06 修回日期:2020-03-19 出版日期:2020-09-05 发布日期:2020-10-19
通讯作者: 曹宏瑞(通信作者),男,1982年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为智能主轴振动监控基础理论与应用技术、机械结构有限元分析、动力学建模与优化设计、机械设备非平稳信号处理方法及故障诊断技术、航空发动机转子振动异常监测与故障预警方法。E-mail:chr@mail.xjtu.edu
作者简介:康婷,女,1994年出生。主要研究方向为机床主轴回转精度分析。E-mail:kt18829349535@stu.xjtu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金（51922084）和国家重点研发计划（2018YFB2000502）资助项目。

Dynamic Prediction Method for Machine Tool Spindle Rotational Accuracy under Cutting Condition

KANG Ting¹, CAO Hongrui^1,2

1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049;
2. State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049

Received:2019-09-06 Revised:2020-03-19 Online:2020-09-05 Published:2020-10-19

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 回转精度是衡量主轴加工性能的重要指标。现有的回转精度测量方法通常借助标准球并在空转条件下进行，无法计入切削载荷等负载带来的影响，难以反映主轴在切削状态下的真实精度。针对该问题，提出一种基于动力学模型的主轴回转精度动态预测方法。首先建立高保真的高速主轴-轴承系统动力学模型，并将切削力等激励载荷作为输入边界条件。然后利用测力仪测量、修正切削力，并将其输入动力学模型，实现主轴振动响应和径向回转误差的动态预测。设计并制作一套主轴回转误差在线测量装置，对回转精度预测结果进行试验验证。将不同切削工况下的仿真与试验结果进行对比分析，结果表明提出的方法能够准确预测主轴回转精度的变化规律，可以为主轴加工性能评估提供依据。

关键词: 回转精度, 机床主轴, 动力学建模, 切削工况, 动态预测

Abstract: Rotational accuracy is an important indicator of spindle machining performance. The existing measurement methods of the rotational accuracy are usually carried out by means of a standard ball and under idling conditions, which cannot take into account the influence of the load such as the cutting load. Therefore the existing methods are difficult to reflect the true accuracy of the spindle in the cutting state. Aiming at this problem, a dynamic prediction method of spindle rotational accuracy based on dynamic model is proposed. Firstly, a high-fidelity high-speed spindle-bearing system dynamics model is established, and the excitation load such as cutting force is taken as the input boundary condition. Then, the cutting force is measured by a dynamometer and modified and input into the dynamic model to realize the dynamic prediction of vibration response and radial rotational error of the spindle. A set of on-line measuring device for spindle rotational error is designed and manufactured, and the prediction results of the rotational accuracy are experimentally verified. The simulation and experimental results under different cutting conditions are compared and analyzed. The results show that the proposed method can accurately predict the variation of spindle rotational accuracy and provide a basis for the evaluation of spindle machining performance.

Key words: rotational accuracy, machine tool, dynamic modeling, cutting condition, prediction

中图分类号:

TG659

康婷, 曹宏瑞. 切削工况下机床主轴回转精度动态预测方法[J]. 机械工程学报, 2020, 56(17): 240-248.

KANG Ting, CAO Hongrui. Dynamic Prediction Method for Machine Tool Spindle Rotational Accuracy under Cutting Condition[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2020, 56(17): 240-248.

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切削工况下机床主轴回转精度动态预测方法

Dynamic Prediction Method for Machine Tool Spindle Rotational Accuracy under Cutting Condition

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