iPoint3D曲面检测软件开发与工程应用综述

doi:10.3901/JME.2020.07.127

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 三维光学测量为大型复杂零件精密制造提供了新手段，但实际操作时面临两大难题：其一，非接触式光学测量存在数据规模大、测点噪音与层叠、测点密度不均、初始位姿任意、曲面误差计算难等诸多问题；其二，缺乏统一的数据存储格式、专用检测工艺库和批处理操作，需多款商业软件人机反复交互，效率低下、一致性差。针对这些难题，系统介绍了相位移面阵测量原理、点云微分信息估计、点云精简/光顺、点云-曲面匹配、点云-曲面误差计算等大规模测点处理算法，以此为基础综述了iPoint3D软件开发层次结构、主要功能模块、人机操作界面、IPD数据存储格式，并给出了iPoint3D软件批处理操作的实现方法和检测报告生成流程。最后介绍了完全自主开发的iPoint3D软件在汽车曲轴检测、航空叶片检测、锻造大叶片变形检测、机器人磨削叶片余量分配、机器人铣削蒙皮轨迹计算、核主泵法兰面机器人检测、柔性曲面共形打印视觉定位等工业场景的计算过程和应用效果，并讨论了复杂曲面零件三维光学测量的发展趋势。

关键词: iPoint3D软件, PowerScan扫描仪, 大规模测点处理, 复杂曲面检测, 点云-曲面匹配, 批处理操作

Abstract: The 3D optical measuring provides a new method for the precise manufacturing, but it encounters two challenges: 1) In non-contact optical measuring, there are the problems of large-scale data, measuring noise/overlapping, uneven point density, arbitrary initial pose and intractable point-surface error calculation; 2) It requires multi-commercial software to carry out heavy human-computer interaction, due to the absence of uniform data format, special inspection database and batch processing operation. This will lead to low efficiency and consistency in practice. The large-scale data processing algorithms is systematically introduced, such as phase-shifting measuring principle is systematically introduced, differential information estimation, point simplification/smoothing, point-surface matching, point-surface error calculation, and then presents the base development hierarchy, main function module, human-machine operation interface, IPD data format and batch processing operation of iPoint3D software. Finally, this paper presents the calculation process and application effect of self-developed iPoint3D software in car-crankshaft profile inspection, aero-blade profile inspection, large-blade deformation inspection, blade allowance distribution of robotic grinding, machining path generation of robotic milling, pump-seal-groove robotic inspection and visual localization of flexible-surface conformal printing, and discusses the future development trend of complex surface parts with 3D optical measuring. *

Key words: iPoint3D software, PowerScan scanner, large-scale measuring point processing, complex surface inspection, point-surface matching, batch processing operation

中图分类号:

TP29

李文龙, 李中伟, 毛金城. iPoint3D曲面检测软件开发与工程应用综述[J]. 机械工程学报, 2020, 56(7): 127-150.

LI Wenlong, LI Zhongwei, MAO Jincheng. The Development and Application Review of iPoint3D Software for Surface Inspection[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2020, 56(7): 127-150.

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