• CN:11-2187/TH
  • ISSN:0577-6686

机械工程学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (6): 125-146.doi: 10.3901/JME.2020.06.125

• 电阻点焊、铆接与其他点连接方法 • 上一篇    下一篇

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轻量化薄壁结构点连接技术研究进展

李永兵1,2, 马运五3, 楼铭2, 张国涛2, 张庆鑫2, 祁麟2, 邓琳2   

  1. 1. 上海交通大学机械系统与振动国家重点实验室 上海 200240;
    2. 上海交通大学上海市复杂薄板结构数字化制造重点实验室 上海 200240;
    3. 大阪大学接合科学研究所 大阪 567-0047 日本
  • 收稿日期:2019-12-11 修回日期:2020-01-15 出版日期:2020-03-20 发布日期:2020-05-12
  • 作者简介:李永兵(通信作者),男,1975年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为轻金属及异种材料先进连接技术。E-mail:yongbinglee@sjtu.edu.cn;
    马运五,男,1990年出生,博士,助理教授。主要研究方向为机械连接技术和焊接数值模拟。E-mail:yw.ma@jwri.osaka-u.ac.jp;
    楼铭,男,1984年出生,博士后。主要研究方向为轻量化多材料薄壁结构铆接工艺。E-mail:louming@sjtu.edu.cn;
    张国涛,男,1988年出生,博士研究生。主要研究方向为铝-钢金属凸点辅助电阻点焊工艺。E-mail:zgtly0723@163.com;
    张庆鑫,男,1989年出生,博士研究生。主要研究方向为铝-钢异质材料胶焊。E-mail:zhangqingxin@sjtu.edu.cn;
    祁麟,男,1993年出生,博士研究生。主要研究方向为外磁场辅助电阻点焊工艺。E-mail:LinQi_@sjtu.edu.cn;
    邓琳,女,1992年出生,博士研究生。主要研究方向为铝合金电阻点焊工艺。E-mail:5100209295@sjtu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金汽车产业联合基金重点资助项目(U1564204,U1764251)。

Advances in Spot Joining Technologies of Lightweight Thin-walled Structures

LI Yongbing1,2, MA Yunwu3, LOU Ming2, ZHANG Guotao2, ZHANG Qingxin2, QI Lin2, DENG Lin2   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240;
    2. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacture for Thin-walled Structures, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240;
    3. Joining and Welding Research Institute, Osaka University, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan
  • Received:2019-12-11 Revised:2020-01-15 Online:2020-03-20 Published:2020-05-12

摘要: 汽车、机车、飞机、火箭、飞船等载运工具普遍具有薄壁结构特征,薄壁结构的轻量化是提高载运工具性能和竞争力的关键。综合考虑轻量化的成本和效果,采用多材料、多结构混用,在降低产品自重的同时为产品设计提供更多的选择,已经成为轻量化技术发展的必然趋势。电阻点焊和铆接作为典型的点连接工艺,大规模应用于载运工具薄壁结构的制造,是先进制造领域的基础工艺。然而,高强钢、高强铝合金、铸铝、镁合金、复合材料等高比强度轻量化材料以及铸件、挤压型材等轻量化结构的应用对传统点连接工艺提出巨大挑战,也促进了传统点连接工艺的技术变革和新型复合连接工艺的创新发展。为此,本文从电阻点焊、铆接以及复合点连接工艺三个方面进行综述,系统阐述了近年来各工艺的研究进展,重点分析了新工艺的机理、优势、局限性、应用现状及发展趋势,旨在为新型轻量化薄壁结构的设计与制造提供有益借鉴。

关键词: 轻量化薄壁结构, 点连接技术, 电阻点焊, 铆接, 复合点连接

Abstract: Vehicles such as automobile, trains, airplanes, rockets and spacecrafts are generally thin-walled structures. Lightweighting of the thin-walled structures becomes the key to improve the competitiveness of vehicle products. Considering the cost and effect of lightweighting, mixed use of multi-materials and multi-structures provides more options for product design of the thin-walled structures while reducing their weight, and becomes an inevitable tendency during lightweight process. Typical spot joining processes, e.g., resistance spot welding (RSW) and riveting are primary processes and important methods, which have been widely used to manufacture the thin-walled structures of traditional vehicles. However, the application of high specific strength materials, e.g., high strength steel, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, composite materials and lightweight structures such as extruded sections poses great challenges to the traditional spot joining processes, promoting the advancement of the spot joining process and the development of novel hybrid joining process. Therefore, this paper described the state of the art for RSW process, riveting process and hybrid spot joining process in recent years, and systematically summarized the corresponding research progress, advantages and disadvantages, application status and development trend, aiming to provide references for the design and manufacture of lightweight thin-walled structures.

Key words: lightweight thin-walled structure, spot joining process, resistance spot welding, riveting, hybrid spot joining

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