钢板弹簧迟滞特性建模及重载货车的动态响应分析

doi:10.3901/JME.2019.15.193

机械工程学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (15): 193-201.doi: 10.3901/JME.2019.15.193

钢板弹簧迟滞特性建模及重载货车的动态响应分析

谭博欢¹, 谢庆喜¹, 张农^1,2, 张邦基¹, 邓亢¹

1. 湖南大学汽车车身先进设计制造国家重点实验室长沙 410082;
2. 合肥工业大学机械与汽车工程学院合肥 230009

收稿日期:2018-08-17 修回日期:2019-05-30 出版日期:2019-08-05 发布日期:2019-08-05
通讯作者: 张农(通信作者),男,1959年出生,博士,"千人计划"特聘教授。主要研究方向为车辆动力学。E-mail:nong_zhang@163.com
作者简介:谭博欢,男,1989年出生,博士研究生。主要研究方向为车辆动力学,车辆振动分析及控制。E-mail:bohuan_tan@hnu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目（51675152，51875181）。

Hysteresis Characteristic Modeling of Leaf Spring and Dynamic Response Analysis of a Heavy Duty Truck

TAN Bohuan¹, XIE Qingxi¹, ZHANG Nong^1,2, ZHANG Bangji¹, DENG Kang¹

1. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, Hunan University, Changsha 410082;
2. School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009

Received:2018-08-17 Revised:2019-05-30 Online:2019-08-05 Published:2019-08-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 结合一种提出的钢板弹簧迟滞模型，建立了精确的重载货车整车模型，并讨论钢板弹簧线性化对整车动态响应的影响。基于钢板弹簧动态试验和改进的Maxwell-slip模型建立精确的动态迟滞模型，并采用1/4车辆模型分析其动态特性。运用集中参数法建立重载货车整车模型，结合实车偏频试验验证整车模型的准确性。与钢板弹簧线性化的整车模型对比，讨论模型线性化所引入的误差。结果表明，钢板弹簧的幅频特性依赖于加载幅值，随着加载幅值增大，动刚度逐渐减小；钢板弹簧的线性化忽略了刚度渐变特性及阻尼效应，致使重载货车的频率加权加速度均方根值略有偏大、悬架动扰度显著增大，而钢板弹簧输出力偏小，从而为载重货车的动态行为预测及系统设计带来了较大的误差。

关键词: 迟滞特性, 动态响应, 钢板弹簧, 载重货车

Abstract: This paper presents a heavy duty truck model integrated with a novel mathematical leaf spring model. The dynamic response of the proposed model under random road inputs is analysed and the influences of leaf spring's linearization on the response is discussed. Firstly, based on the Maxwell-slip model and leaf spring dynamic tests, the mathematical model of the leaf spring is developed, and its dynamic characteristics are then analysed by using a quarter-car model. To reveal the influences of leaf spring's linearization, two models of the truck, with-hysteresis and without-hysteresis, are developed by applying lumped parameter method. Moreover, the partial frequency tests are carried out to validate the accuracy of the models. With the comparison of these two models' dynamic responses, the calculating errors caused by neglecting the hysteresis of leaf spring are analysed. The results show that the dynamic stiffness of the leaf spring will decrease as the loading amplitude increases. The linearization of leaf spring, which neglects the varying stiffness characteristic and damping effect, will lead to:increasing of the frequency-weighted acceleration root-mean-square values of the truck and the dynamic travels of the suspension; decreasing of the forces of leaf spring. Thus, the linearization will produce unacceptable errors for dynamic behaviour prediction and system design of the heavy duty truck.

Key words: dynamic response, heavy duty truck, hysteresis characteristic, leaf spring

中图分类号:

TH113

谭博欢, 谢庆喜, 张农, 张邦基, 邓亢. 钢板弹簧迟滞特性建模及重载货车的动态响应分析[J]. 机械工程学报, 2019, 55(15): 193-201.

TAN Bohuan, XIE Qingxi, ZHANG Nong, ZHANG Bangji, DENG Kang. Hysteresis Characteristic Modeling of Leaf Spring and Dynamic Response Analysis of a Heavy Duty Truck[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2019, 55(15): 193-201.

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钢板弹簧迟滞特性建模及重载货车的动态响应分析

Hysteresis Characteristic Modeling of Leaf Spring and Dynamic Response Analysis of a Heavy Duty Truck

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