• CN:11-2187/TH
  • ISSN:0577-6686

机械工程学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (16): 195-203.doi: 10.3901/JME.2018.16.195

• 交叉与前沿 • 上一篇    下一篇

气动固定节流孔音速流导的计算方法研究

杨凡1,2, 李刚炎1, 香川利春2   

  1. 1. 武汉理工大学机电工程学院 武汉 430070;
    2. 东京工业大学未来产业技术研究所 横滨 226-8503 日本
  • 收稿日期:2017-09-26 修回日期:2018-04-13 出版日期:2018-08-20 发布日期:2018-08-20
  • 通讯作者: 李刚炎(通信作者),男,1962年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为气压传动与控制、产品数字化设计技术与车辆信息集中控制。E-mail:gangyanli@whut.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:杨凡,男,1987年出生,博士研究生。主要研究方向为气压传动与控制。E-mail:yang_fan@whut.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(51306313)和日本SMC(2013-T1312)资助项目。

Computational Method on Sonic Conductance of Air Flow through Pneumatic Orifice

YANG Fan1,2, LI Gangyan1, KAGAWA Toshiharu2   

  1. 1. School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070;
    2. Laboratory for FIRST, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
  • Received:2017-09-26 Revised:2018-04-13 Online:2018-08-20 Published:2018-08-20

摘要: 针对气动元件的基本结构组成固定节流孔,采用一维力欠损模型,推导出考虑局部损失与沿程损失的固定节流孔音速流导解析模型,并分析了主要结构参数变化对音速流导的影响。基于ISO6358标准中上游恒定压力流量特性测试方法,测试多种不同尺寸固定节流孔的音速流导,并通过测试系统误差分析,明确了测试结果的可靠性;以试验数据为依据,修正解析模型并得出音速流导的简易计算式。最后,与文献中计算式对比,证明该计算式适用性最好、精度最高,且相对误差均小于5%。研究结果表明,直径比减小和长径比增加均会导致音速流导减小,各参数对音速流导的影响大小依次是直径比、长径比及临界压力比,且当长径比小于10时,音速流导变化小于5%,临界压力比可取恒定值0.5而对计算结果影响不大。

关键词: 长径比, 固定节流孔, 临界压力比, 音速流导, 直径比

Abstract: By introducing the one-dimension force defect model, an analysis model of orifice's sonic conductance is proposed. The model compressively considers the local and friction loss, and the influences of different parameters are analyzed systematically. Flow-rate characteristics of different orifices are measured by the upstream constant pressure method according to ISO6358, and then a simple formula is derived by amending the analysis model based on the experiment data. By comparing with former literatures, the formula is verified to be with best accuracy and suitability, and the mean error is less than 5%. The study shows that the sonic conductance decreases with the decreasing of diameter-ratio or the increasing of length-to-diameter, and the diameter-ratio is the most influential variable, followed by length-to-diameter ratio and critical pressure ratio. When the length-to-diameter is less than 10, the change rate of sonic conductance is less than 5%. Last, the critical pressure ratio can be set as 0.5 but has little effect on the results.

Key words: critical pressure ratio, diameter ratio, length-to-diameter ratio, orifice, sonic conductance

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