Research Progress in Active Mass Injection Structure for Drag and Heat Reduction of Hypersonic Vehicle

doi:10.3901/JME.260073

Abstract

Abstract: Addressing the drag and heat reduction requirements of hypersonic vehicles under "long-endurance, high-Mach-number, high-overload, reusable" operating conditions, this review focuses on active mass injection structures. It systematically surveys research advances in two types of porous structures – discrete injection holes and micro-permeable porous configurations – and thoroughly analyzes their fluid-thermal coupling mechanisms and adaptability to extreme environments. The study critically evaluates advanced manufacturing processes, including metal/ceramic porous material systems and additively manufactured porous structures, while summarizing their engineering applications in critical components such as internal high-temperature engine parts and windward-facing vehicle surfaces. Furthermore, it synthesizes lightweight design strategies like self-pumping, zoned regulation, and active-passive hybridization, and identifies cutting-edge development pathways: matrix material intelligence, design-process intelligence, and verification-system intelligence. This work provides valuable insights for overcoming extreme thermal barriers and regulating frictional drag in hypersonic vehicles.

Key words: hypersonic vehicle, active mass injection structure, drag and heat reduction, flow control, porous medium, additive manufacturing

CLC Number:

V411
V460

WANG Hongyue, LIU Yanfang, GU Dongdong, LI Xuqing, ZHANG Weiwei, YAO Li, YANG Bingshuo, ZHANG Yaxuan, QI Naiming. Research Progress in Active Mass Injection Structure for Drag and Heat Reduction of Hypersonic Vehicle[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(3): 104-124.

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