喷射沉积Al-7Si-0.5Cu-0.5Mg热变形行为研究

doi:10.3901/JME.2018.14.107

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 亚共晶铝硅合金因具有轻质、耐腐蚀、高的比强度和优异力学性能等优点，被广泛应用于航空、航天、军事及汽车工业领域。利用喷射沉积技术制备亚共晶Al-7Si-0.5Cu-0.5Mg合金，通过高温压缩试验结合微观组织分析，研究温度和应变速率对沉积态亚共晶铝硅合金热变形行为的影响规律，最终确定沉积态合金优化的致密化工艺参数。研究发现，采用双曲线正弦函数建立的沉积态合金的本构方程，能够准确描述沉积态合金的流变行为。喷射沉积合金主要由Al相、Si相、Al₂Cu相和Mg₂Si相组成，硅相平均尺寸为8.5 μm。当温度为300℃，随着应变速率由1 s^-1减小至0.001 s^-1，合金的压缩应力由112.19 MPa减小至61.26 MPa。在应变速率为0.001 s^-1下，随着变形温度由300℃升高至450℃，合金压缩流变应力由61.26 MPa减小至21.35 MPa。合金在低应变速率（0.001 s^-1）和相对较高的温度（450℃）下变形时，由于相对充足的变形时间和铝基体较高的软化程度，导致组织中硅相尺寸增大，不利于合金性能的提高。沉积态合金最佳的变形参数为变形温度400℃，应变速率0.01 s^-1。

关键词: Al-7Si-0.5Cu-0.5Mg合金, 本构方程, 喷射沉积, 热压缩

Abstract: Hypoeutectic Al-Si alloy is widely used in aviation, aerospace, military and automobile industry because of its notable properties, such as light weight, good corrosion resistance, high specific strength and excellent mechanical properties. The spray deposition technology is used for the fabrication of hypoeutectic Al-7Si-0.5Cu-0.5Mg alloy. The hot deformation behavior of spray formed Al-7Si-0.5Cu-0.5Mg alloy is investigateded by high temperature compression tests as well as microstructural analysis. Results showed that the constitutive equation of Al-7Si-0.5Cu-0.5Mg alloy is established by hyperbolic-sine equation, and the rheological behavior of the alloy is well demonstrated. The deposited alloy was composed of Al, Si, Al₂Cu and Mg₂Si phases. The average size of Si phase is around 8.5 μm. As the strain rate reduced from 1 s^-1 to 0.001 s^-1, the compressive stress of the alloy decreased from 112.19 MPa to 61.26 MPa at the temperature of 300℃. With the deformation temperature increase from 300℃ to 450℃, the flow stress of the alloy reduce from 61.26 MPa to 21.35 MPa with the strain rate of 0.001 s^-1. An adequate deformation time and a high soften degree of Al matrix occurred when the alloy deforme at a low strain rate (0.001 s^-1) and a relative high temperature (450℃). Accordingly, the alloy exhibited increased size of Si phase, which is negative for improving the mechanical properties of the alloy. The optimal deformation temperature and the strain rate are 400℃ and 0.01 s^-1, respectively.

Key words: Al-7Si-0.5Cu-0.5Mg alloy, hot compression, hyperbolic-sine equation, spray forming

中图分类号:

TG146

郑惠锦, 彭云, 阎璐, 朱若凡. 喷射沉积Al-7Si-0.5Cu-0.5Mg热变形行为研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2018, 54(14): 107-115.

ZHENG Huijin, PENG Yun, YAN Lu, ZHU Ruofan. Investigation on Hot Deformation Behavior of Spray Formed Al-7Si-0.5Cu-0.5Mg Alloy[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2018, 54(14): 107-115.

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