起重机快速轻量化设计系统研究及应用

doi:10.3901/JME.2018.09.205

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 参数化设计和结构优化设计是复杂结构快速轻量化设计系统的核心，也是促进起重机轻量化设计技术在企业推广应用的关键。但是，现有起重机快速设计系统大多以实现参数化设计为主，难以实现结构的自动优化设计。而已公开的优化方法实现过程复杂，且大多采用连续变量优化，结果难以直接运用于实际生产。进行系列化起重机的参数化建模，建立多位置、多状态的载荷模型，集成含零阶优化、参数圆整、局部再优化的二次优化设计方法，开发了具有参数化设计、轻量化优化等功能的起重机快速轻量化设计系统，并完成了箱型门架的快速轻量化设计系统与软件。应用结果表明，该系统显著缩短了设计周期，减少了设计人员的大量繁琐计算工作量。仅对部分截面尺寸进行优化，虽然门架应力应变在容许范围内有所增加，但整机质量下降10.5%，节约了后期成本。

关键词: 参数化, 结构优化, 快速轻量化设计, 起重机, 系统

Abstract: Parameterization and structure optimization is the core of rapidly light-weight design system of complex structure, which is also the key to promote the application of cranes' light-weight technology in company. However, nearly all existing rapid design systems, which are difficult to realize structure's auto-optimization, are focusing on parameterization design. Moreover, most of the published optimization methods use continuous-variables, which make it difficult to find application in industry. In order to develop the rapidly lightweight design system, which including functions like parameterization design, lightweight optimization and so on, the parameterized models, with a loading model that different parts loaded in different environment, of a series cranes have been built, and a twice-optimization method which is composed of zero-order optimization, parameters' rounding and re-optimization is used. Based on the proposed method, a rapid light-weight design system of box-type portal has been realized with software. The application results show that the proposed system significantly shortens the design periods and reduces a lot of designers' work on calculations and design. Also, the total mass of the portal has been reduced 10.5% after optimization, though portals' stain and stress have increased within allowable range.

Key words: cranes, parameterization, rapidly lightweight design, structure optimization, system

中图分类号:

TH21

李艳, 向东, 李啟文, 王君英. 起重机快速轻量化设计系统研究及应用[J]. 机械工程学报, 2018, 54(9): 205-213.

LI Yan, XIANG Dong, LI Qiwen, WANG Junying. Research and Application on Rapidly Lightweight Design System of Cranes[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2018, 54(9): 205-213.

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