• CN:11-2187/TH
  • ISSN:0577-6686

机械工程学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (21): 63-71.doi: 10.3901/JME.2018.21.063

• 机械动力学 • 上一篇    下一篇

可控节流参数对液体静压轴承特性的影响研究

熊万里1, 胡灿1, 吕浪1, 郑良钢2   

  1. 1. 湖南大学国家高效磨削工程技术研究中心 长沙 410082;
    2. 湖南海捷主轴科技有限公司 长沙 410082
  • 收稿日期:2017-11-03 修回日期:2018-06-20 出版日期:2018-11-05 发布日期:2018-11-05
  • 通讯作者: 熊万里(通信作者),男,1971年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向液体静压主轴技术、高速电主轴系统动力学及高速大功率电机技术。E-mail:wan369@vip.sina.com
  • 作者简介:胡灿,男,1987年出生,博士研究生。主要研究方向液体静压轴承技术及高速电主轴系统动力学。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.51575173)。

Research on the Influence of Controllable Restrictor Parameters on the Characteristics of Hydrostatic Journal Bearings

XIONG Wanli1, HU Can1, LÜ Lang1, ZHENG Lianggang2   

  1. 1. National Engineering Research Center for High Efficiency Grinding, Hunan University, Changsha 410082;
    2. Hunan Haijie Spindle Technology Co. Ltd, Changsha 410082
  • Received:2017-11-03 Revised:2018-06-20 Online:2018-11-05 Published:2018-11-05

摘要: 节流器是液体静压主轴的核心元件,其节流特性对液体静压主轴的刚度和回转精度具有直接影响。针对现有节流器在主轴工作时节流特性不可控的不足,提出一款预压预调型可控节流器。在分析可控节流器工作原理和节流特性基础上,根据流体润滑理论,建立基于可控节流器的液体静压轴承承载性能的理论模型,研究可控节流器供油压力、弹簧刚度和控制油腔压力等参数对液体静压轴承承载性能的影响规律,并与固定节流液体静压轴承的承载性能进行对比。研究发现,在其他结构参数及工作参数一定的条件下,可控节流器能够显著地提高液体静压轴承的油膜刚度;在不同偏心率条件下,可控节流液体静压轴承的最佳油膜刚度对应的节流参数不同。在开发的液体静压电主轴试验台上进行了试验研究,通过对油腔压力和油膜刚度的理论计算值与试验测量值的对比,证实了可控节流方案的有效性。

关键词: 承载能力, 缝隙节流器, 可控节流器, 液体静压轴承, 油膜刚度

Abstract: A restrictor is one of the most important components of hydrostatic spindles and its throttling behavior has a significant effect on both stiffness and rotational precision of hydrostatic spindles. There is a shortage exhibited by the existing restrictors whose throttling characteristics cannot be controlled when hydrostatic spindles are working. A pre-pressure and pre-conditioning controllable restrictor is proposed. The operating principle of the proposed restrictor and its throttling behavior are analyzed qualitatively, and then a theoretical analysis model of hydrostatic journal bearings with a controllable restrictor is established based on fluid lubrication theory. The influences of controllable restrictor parameters including oil pressure, spring stiffness and controllable chamber pressure on the load characteristics of hydrostatic bearings are studied by using the established model. The load characteristics of the hydrostatic bearing with a controllable restrictor are compared with those of the hydrostatic bearing with a gap restrictor. It is found that the controllable restrictor can significantly improve the oil film stiffness of hydrostatic bearings under the condition that all other parameters of hydrostatic bearings are not changed. Moreover, the optimal oil film stiffness values of hydrostatic bearings are different under different eccentricities because the controllable throttle parameters are changed with a change in an eccentricity. The validity of the theoretical analysis model is verified by comparing theoretical values with experimental results.

Key words: carrying capacity, controllable restrictor, gap restrictor, hydrostatic journal bearing, oil film stiffness

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