多轴车辆防侧翻控制发展现状综述

doi:10.3901/JME.260340

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 多轴车辆作为服务国家战略需求的关键装备，是大件货物道路运输体系的重要保障与必备支撑。其轴数多、车身长、重心高、惯量大，在复杂道路或紧急转向工况下面临较高的侧翻风险，一旦发生事故将造成严重人员伤亡和巨大经济损失，已成为制约大件货物运输安全与效率的关键瓶颈。围绕多轴车辆防侧翻控制，对现有研究进行系统梳理，聚焦多轴车辆动力学建模、车辆侧翻风险评估方法、车辆防侧翻控制策略三个层面，分析多轴车辆模型复杂性问题及其等效建模方法之间的内在联系，探讨侧翻风险评估指标对模型精度的高度依赖所带来的关键挑战，以及揭示多轴车辆防侧翻控制与多执行器协调在控制分层和约束耦合等方面的共性问题。在此基础上，讨论该领域当前的发展趋势并提出了未来研究方向，为多轴车辆主动安全控制技术的进一步研究与工程应用提供参考。

关键词: 多轴车辆, 动力学建模, 侧翻风险评估, 防侧翻控制, 多执行器协调

Abstract: Multi-axle vehicles, as key equipment serving national strategic needs, are an important guarantee and essential support for the road transportation system of heavy cargo. Due to their large number of axles, long body, high center of gravity, and large inertia, they face a high risk of rollover in complex road conditions or emergency turning situations. Accidents involving these vehicles can cause serious casualties and huge economic losses, becoming a key bottleneck restricting the safety and efficiency of heavy cargo transportation. This paper systematically reviews existing research on rollover prevention control for multi-axle vehicles, focusing on three aspects: multi-axle vehicle dynamics modeling, vehicle rollover risk assessment methods, and vehicle rollover prevention control strategies. It analyzes the inherent relationship between the complexity of multi-axle vehicle models and their equivalent modeling methods, explores the key challenges brought about by the high dependence of rollover risk assessment indicators on model accuracy, and reveals common problems in multi-axle vehicle rollover prevention control and multi-actuator coordination in terms of control layering and constraint coupling. Based on this, it discusses current development trends in this field and proposes future research directions, providing a reference for further research and engineering applications of active safety control technology for multi-axle vehicles.

Key words: multi-axle vehicles, dynamics modeling, rollover risk assessment, anti-rollover control, multi-actuator coordination

中图分类号:

熊璐, 吕宗宇, 韩伟, 施矞馨, 冷搏, 周泉. 多轴车辆防侧翻控制发展现状综述[J]. 机械工程学报, 2026, 62(10): 231-252.

XIONG Lu, Lü Zongyu, HAN Wei, SHI Yuxin, LENG Bo, ZHOU Quan. Review of Advances in Anti-rollover Control for Multi-axle Vehicles[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(10): 231-252.

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链接本文: http://www.cjmenet.com.cn/CN/10.3901/JME.260340

http://www.cjmenet.com.cn/CN/Y2026/V62/I10/231

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