激光熔注TiB2/TiC原位增强铝基复材的耐磨性研究

doi:10.3901/JME.260496

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 铝基复材具有广泛的应用前景，但其表面相对较为软，因而耐磨性较差。通过激光熔注工艺，成功制备含有原位反应生成的TiB₂和TiC强化相的铝基复材试样。通过光学显微镜和电子显微镜，观察其微观组织和形貌，进行摩擦磨损测试，通过分析磨损面和磨屑，探讨原位法在激光熔注工艺下对铝合金表面摩擦磨损性能的影响。同时，还与采用外加法制备的铝基复材进行摩擦性能和微观结构组织的对比，分析原位反应生成的强化相与外加法添加的强化相对于铝基复材的摩擦性能改变方面的差异。结论表明：通过原位法制备的铝基复材表面强化层显微硬度从64.69+3.032 1 -2.398 4提升到了75.91+2.819 1 -3.166 5以及74.79+2.500 3 -2.344 3，同时摩擦因数从0.401降低到了0.395与3.398，这表明其耐磨性得到了一定程度的提升。而采用外加法制备的试样的摩擦因数分别为0.407和0.442，这也表明了通过原位法制备的强化层具有更优的耐磨性。

关键词: 激光熔注, 铝基复合材料, 原位反应, TiB₂, TiC

Abstract: Aluminum-based composites are widely used, but they have the problem of soft surface, which leads to poor wear resistance. Aluminum-based composite specimens with TiB₂ and TiC reinforced phases generated by in-situ reaction were prepared by laser melt injection process. Optical microscope and electron microscope were used to observe the microstructure and micro-morphology, and friction and wear tests were carried out to investigate the friction and wear mechanism through the analysis of wear surfaces and abrasive chips, and to discuss the change of the friction and wear properties of aluminum alloy surfaces by the in-situ method under the laser melt injection process. The frictional properties and microstructures of the aluminum composites prepared by the in-situ method were compared with those of the ex-situ method to analyze the difference between the reinforced phases generated by the in-situ reaction and the reinforcement added by ex-situ method in terms of the frictional properties of the aluminum composites. The conclusions show that the microhardness of the reinforced layer on the surface of the aluminum-based composites prepared by the in-situ method increased from 64.69+3.032 1 -2.398 4to 75.91+2.819 1 -3.166 5and 74.79+2.500 3 -2.344 3, and the friction factor decreased from 0.401 to 0.395 and 0.398, indicating that the wear resistance has been improved to a certain extent. The friction factors of 0.430 and 0.460 for the samples prepared by ex-situ method also indicate that the wear resistance of the reinforced layer prepared by the in-situ method is superior.

Key words: laser melt-injection, aluminum composite, in-situ reaction, TiB₂, TiC

中图分类号:

TG44

何承昊, 米高阳, 华志嘉, 曾广, 欧阳求保. 激光熔注TiB₂/TiC原位增强铝基复材的耐磨性研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2026, 62(10): 128-136.

HE Chenghao, MI Gaoyang, HUA Zhijia, ZENG Guang, OUYANG Qiubao. Study on the Tribological Behaviors of In-situ TiB₂/TiC Reinforced Aluminum Composite by Laser Melt-injection[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(10): 128-136.

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http://www.cjmenet.com.cn/CN/Y2026/V62/I10/128

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激光熔注TiB₂/TiC原位增强铝基复材的耐磨性研究

Study on the Tribological Behaviors of In-situ TiB₂/TiC Reinforced Aluminum Composite by Laser Melt-injection

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