高超声速飞行器减阻降热主动质量引射结构研究进展

doi:10.3901/JME.260073

机械工程学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (3): 104-124.doi: 10.3901/JME.260073

• 特邀专栏：增材制造技术 • 上一篇

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高超声速飞行器减阻降热主动质量引射结构研究进展

王洪悦¹, 刘延芳^1,2, 顾冬冬³, 李绪清¹, 张伟伟⁴, 姚理¹, 杨冰朔⁵, 张亚轩¹, 齐乃明^1,2

1. 哈尔滨工业大学航天学院哈尔滨 150001;
2. 哈尔滨工业大学苏州研究院苏州 215104;
3. 南京航空航天大学材料科学与技术学院南京 210016;
4. 哈尔滨工业大学机器人技术与系统全国重点实验室哈尔滨 150001;
5. 西北工业大学航天学院西安 710072

修回日期:2025-09-10 接受日期:2025-11-20 发布日期:2026-03-25
作者简介:王洪悦,男,1995年出生,博士研究生。主要研究方向为高超声速飞行器减阻降热流动控制、复杂流动传热问题智能建模。E-mail:wanghongyue@stu.hit.edu.cn
刘延芳(通信作者),男,1986年出生,博士,研究员,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为航空航天器智能装配与测试技术,飞行器结构设计。E-mail:lyf04025121@126.com
顾冬冬,男,1980年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为高性能金属构件材料-结构一体化增材制造技术。E-mail:dongdonggu@nuaa.edu.cn

Research Progress in Active Mass Injection Structure for Drag and Heat Reduction of Hypersonic Vehicle

WANG Hongyue¹, LIU Yanfang^1,2, GU Dongdong³, LI Xuqing¹, ZHANG Weiwei⁴, YAO Li¹, YANG Bingshuo⁵, ZHANG Yaxuan¹, QI Naiming^1,2

1. School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001;
2. Suzhou Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Suzhou 215104;
3. College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016;
4. State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001;
5. School of Astronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072

Revised:2025-09-10 Accepted:2025-11-20 Published:2026-03-25
Supported by:
国家重点研发计划(2022YFB3902701)、国家自然科学基金(52272390)、国家级高层次计划青年学者(Q2022335)和某基金(KCKY2024204A006)资助项目。

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 面向高超声速飞行器“长航时、高马赫数、大过载、重复使用”工况下的减阻降热需求，聚焦主动质量引射结构，系统梳理喷射孔与微渗透多孔两类多孔结构的研究进展，深入剖析其流动-传热耦合机制与对极端环境适应性，评述金属/陶瓷多孔材料体系和增材制造多孔结构等先进制造工艺，总结其在发动机内部高温部件及飞行器迎风面关键部件的工程应用；归纳自抽吸/分区调控/主被动协同等轻量化设计策略，凝练基体材料智能化、设计过程智能化与验证体系智能化等前沿发展路径，为高超声速飞行器突破极端热障与调控摩擦阻力提供有益参考。

关键词: 高超声速飞行器, 主动质量引射结构, 减阻降热, 流动控制, 多孔介质, 增材制造

Abstract: Addressing the drag and heat reduction requirements of hypersonic vehicles under "long-endurance, high-Mach-number, high-overload, reusable" operating conditions, this review focuses on active mass injection structures. It systematically surveys research advances in two types of porous structures – discrete injection holes and micro-permeable porous configurations – and thoroughly analyzes their fluid-thermal coupling mechanisms and adaptability to extreme environments. The study critically evaluates advanced manufacturing processes, including metal/ceramic porous material systems and additively manufactured porous structures, while summarizing their engineering applications in critical components such as internal high-temperature engine parts and windward-facing vehicle surfaces. Furthermore, it synthesizes lightweight design strategies like self-pumping, zoned regulation, and active-passive hybridization, and identifies cutting-edge development pathways: matrix material intelligence, design-process intelligence, and verification-system intelligence. This work provides valuable insights for overcoming extreme thermal barriers and regulating frictional drag in hypersonic vehicles.

Key words: hypersonic vehicle, active mass injection structure, drag and heat reduction, flow control, porous medium, additive manufacturing

中图分类号:

V411
V460

王洪悦, 刘延芳, 顾冬冬, 李绪清, 张伟伟, 姚理, 杨冰朔, 张亚轩, 齐乃明. 高超声速飞行器减阻降热主动质量引射结构研究进展[J]. 机械工程学报, 2026, 62(3): 104-124.

WANG Hongyue, LIU Yanfang, GU Dongdong, LI Xuqing, ZHANG Weiwei, YAO Li, YANG Bingshuo, ZHANG Yaxuan, QI Naiming. Research Progress in Active Mass Injection Structure for Drag and Heat Reduction of Hypersonic Vehicle[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(3): 104-124.

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高超声速飞行器减阻降热主动质量引射结构研究进展

Research Progress in Active Mass Injection Structure for Drag and Heat Reduction of Hypersonic Vehicle

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