铰链分布数量对机械弹性车轮力学特性的影响

doi:10.3901/JME.260059

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 机械弹性车轮作为一种新型的非充气车轮，具有抗扎、防爆、缓冲减振等优点。由于机械弹性车轮采用独特的悬浮式承载方式，铰链分布数量对车轮的力学特性有着重要影响。基于有限元法建立机械弹性车轮有限元模型，通过负荷特性试验验证了模型的有效性。设置多种仿真工况对四种不同铰链分布数量的机械弹性车轮的垂向刚度、侧向刚度和接地特性进行分析，并通过轮胎力学特性试验台对四种不同铰链分布数量的车轮样机进行了力学特性试验。通过仿真进一步分析了铰链分布数量对匹配机械弹性车轮的整车平顺性的影响。结果表明，仿真数据与试验数据具有良好的一致性。随着铰链分布数量的增加，机械弹性车轮的垂向刚度、侧向刚度、接地印迹宽度和最大接地压力均有不同程度的增加，接地印迹长度和接地印迹面积逐渐下降，匹配机械弹性车轮的整车平顺性变差。研究结果为机械弹性车轮的结构优化设计提供了参考。

关键词: 机械弹性车轮, 轮胎力学特性, 有限元分析, 台架试验

Abstract: Mechanical elastic wheel, as a new type of non-pneumatic wheel, which have advantages such as anti-puncture, explosion-proof, cushioning and vibration reduction. Due to the unique suspended load-bearing method used in mechanical elastic wheels, the number of hinges distributed has a significant impact on the mechanical properties of the wheels. The finite element model of the mechanical elastic wheel is established based on the finite element method, and the validity of the model is verified by the load characteristic test. A variety of simulation conditions are set up to analyze the vertical stiffness, lateral stiffness and grounding characteristics of four kinds of mechanical elastic wheels with different numbers of hinge distributions, and the property tests of the mechanical elastic wheel prototype are carried out by the tire mechanical characteristics test bench. The influence of hinge distribution number on the ride comfort of the vehicle matched with mechanical elastic wheel is further analyzed by simulation. With the increase of the number of hinge distribution, the vertical stiffness, lateral stiffness, grounding imprint width and maximum grounding pressure of the mechanical elastic wheel increase to different degrees, and the length and area of the grounding imprint decrease, the ride performance of the vehicle matching the mechanical elastic wheel deteriorates. The results provide a reference for the structural optimization design of mechanical elastic wheel.

Key words: mechanical elastic wheel, tire mechanical properties, finite element analysis, bench test

中图分类号:

TG156

林棻, 朱晓龙, 赵又群, 刘轩江, 臧利国. 铰链分布数量对机械弹性车轮力学特性的影响[J]. 机械工程学报, 2026, 62(2): 344-353.

LIN Fen, ZHU Xiaolong, ZHAO Youqun, LIU Xuanjiang, ZANG Liguo. Influence of Hinge Distribution Number on the Mechanical Properties of Mechanical Elastic Wheel[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(2): 344-353.

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