内陷形微通道流动传热分析及结构参数影响规律研究

doi:10.3901/JME.2025.16.092

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为克服传统微通道传热性能受限问题、实现强化传热，采用数值模拟方法，研究具有上部狭缝、下部凹腔的内陷形微通道单相流动传热特性，并探究凹腔直径、狭缝宽度、狭缝高度等结构参数对内陷形微通道流动换热性能的影响规律，实现内陷形微通道结构参数优化。结果表明：随凹腔直径、狭缝宽度增大，内陷形微通道传热性能均呈现增大趋势，而狭缝高度对内陷形微通道传热性能影响较小。微通道独特内陷形结构破坏了热边界层的正常连续发展，并引起节流效应使得凹腔内热边界层变薄，从而强化传热。随凹腔直径、狭缝宽度增大，其流动压降逐渐减小，而狭缝高度增大则导致流动压降趋于增大。以内陷形微通道换热、压降综合性能来考虑，优选凹腔直径0.9 mm，狭缝宽度0.4 mm，狭缝高度0.2 mm。从而为高性能微通道散热器提供了新的微通道结构形式，并为其设计与制备提供了依据和参考。

关键词: 内陷形微通道, 数值模拟, 对流换热, 结构优化

Abstract: To solve the limited heat transfer performance of conventional microchannels and enhance heat transfer, single-phase heat transfer and flow characteristics of the reentrant microchannels with narrow slot upside and reentrant cavities downside are studied based on numerical simulation method. The effects of cavity diameter, slot width and slot height on their performance are explored, and the geometry parameters are optimized. It is found that with the increase in cavity diameter and slot width, the heat transfer performance of reentrant microchannels is improved, whereas slot height plays a negligible role on the heat transfer performance. The reentrant shape breaks the common continuous development of thermal boundary layer, and exerts throttling effects on the fluid flow, which induce the thinner thermal boundary layer and contributes to heat transfer enhancement. With the increase in cavity diameter and slot width, the pressure drop of reentrant microchannels decreases, whereas the pressure drop tends to increase with increasing slot height. When considering both heat transfer and pressure drop, the optimum geometry parameters of reentrant microchannels should be with the cavity diameter of 0.9 mm, slot width of 0.4 mm, and slot height of 0.2 mm. This study provides a new microchannel shape for high-performance microchannel heat sinks, and also provide valuable fundaments for the design and fabrication of enhanced microchannels.

Key words: reentrant microchannels, numerical simulation, convective heat transfer, geometry optimization

中图分类号:

TK124

邓大祥, 张全福, 曾龙. 内陷形微通道流动传热分析及结构参数影响规律研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2025, 61(16): 92-101.

DENG Daxiang, ZHANG Quanfu, ZENG Long. Study on Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow of Reentrant Microchannels and Effects of Geometry Parameters on Its Performance[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 61(16): 92-101.

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