强力车齿加工理论与方法研究综述

doi:10.3901/JME.2025.09.335

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 齿轮是众多装备的关键基础零件，其加工工艺水平对提升各行业的装备性能具有重要意义。强力车齿属于新兴的齿轮加工方法，具有高效精密、绿色干切等显著优势，已成为新能源/燃油汽车变速装置、机器人减速器、行星传动装置上复杂精密齿轮加工的首选工艺。因此，从车齿加工的齿轮几何学理论出发，阐述了基于交错轴无侧隙啮合车齿理论与基于双自由度线面共轭车齿理论的区别，梳理了几种典型结构的车齿刀具设计原理与方法，分析了车齿切削机理和工艺参数对刀具使用寿命和齿面加工精度的影响，指出强力车齿技术的发展现状以及目前存在的问题，提出了车齿技术的主要研究重点。

关键词: 齿轮啮合理论, 强力车齿, 车齿刀具, 切削机理, 工艺参数

Abstract: Gear is the key basic part of many equipment and its processing technology is of great significance to improve the performance of equipment in various industries. Power skiving is an emerging gear manufacturing method, with the advantages of high efficiency, high precision and green dry cutting, has become the preferred process for complex precision gear machining on new energy and oil-fueled automotive transmission devices, robot reducers, and planetary gear transmissions. Based on the gear geometry theory of power skiving, the difference between the theory of crossed shaft gear with a pair of gear meshing and the theory of gear conjugated surface with two degrees of freedom is expounded, and the design principles and methods of several typical tools are reviewed. The influence of cutting mechanism and processing parameters on tool life and machining accuracy of gear surface is analyzed. The state of the art and existing problems of gear skiving are pointed out, and the research thoughts on gear skiving are put forward in this review.

Key words: gear meshing theory, power skiving, skiving tool, cutting mechanism, processing parameters

中图分类号:

TG132

郭二廓, 刘树龙, 陈子彦, 乔华, 刘德永, 陈明. 强力车齿加工理论与方法研究综述[J]. 机械工程学报, 2025, 61(9): 335-349.

GUO Erkuo, LIU Shulong, CHEN Ziyan, QIAO Hua, LIU Deyong, CHEN Ming. Review of Power Skiving Theory and Method for Gear Manufacturing[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 61(9): 335-349.

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