基于能量法的CFRP倾斜螺旋铣孔轴向力建模

doi:10.3901/JME.2025.07.245

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 碳纤维增强复合材料(Carbon fiber reinforced plastics，CFRP)因其具有比强度高、耐腐蚀性和耐疲劳性好等优异性能，被广泛用于航空航天等国防领域，但由于其具有各向异性，制孔过程极易出现缺陷。因此为了提高CFRP螺旋铣孔质量，降低轴向力，基于能量法首次建立了用于预测球头铣刀倾斜螺旋铣孔轴向力模型。考虑倾斜螺旋铣孔的运动学原理和球头铣刀几何模型以及倾斜角度的影响，将球头铣刀切削刃分解成微元斜角切削单元。微元切削力与等效平面上的切削能量直接相关，进而分析了切削断裂能和摩擦能以及形成新表面所消耗的能量。描述了孔出口阶段未变形切屑的形状和体积，对比研究了不同参数对CFRP螺旋铣孔轴向力、分层损伤及毛刺系数的影响规律。结果表明，球头铣刀倾斜角度直接影响球形切削刃的切削速度、材料去除方式以及制孔过程中的轴向力，进而影响孔出口质量。

关键词: CFRP, 倾斜螺旋铣孔, 能量法, 斜角切削, 球头铣刀

Abstract: Carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) are widely used in aerospace and other defence fields because of their excellent properties such as high specific strength, corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance, etc. However, due to their anisotropic properties, the hole making process is very prone to produce defects. Therefore, it focuses on improving the quality of hole-making and reducing the axial force in tilted helical milling of CFRP, a model to predict the tilted helical milling axial force of ball-end mills is set up based on the energy method for the first time. Considering the kinematics of helical milling and geometrical model of the ball-end mills as well as the influence of the inclination angle, the cutting edge of the ball-end mills is decomposed into infinitesimal bevelled angle cutting units. The micrometric cutting forces are directly related to the cutting energy in the equivalent plane, thus the friction and cutting fracture energies as well as the energy consumed to form the new surface is analyzed in turn. The shape and volume of undeformed chips at the exit stage of the hole are described, and the effect patterns of different parameters on the axial force, delamination damage and burr coefficient in helical milling of CFRP are comparatively investigated. It was shown that the tilted angle directly affected cutting speed, material removal mode and the axial force of spherical cutting edge during the hole-making process, and then affected the hole exit quality.

Key words: CFRP, tilted helical milling, energy method, oblique cutting, ball-end mill

中图分类号:

TG156

王海艳, 于万春, 冯岩, 王庆超. 基于能量法的CFRP倾斜螺旋铣孔轴向力建模[J]. 机械工程学报, 2025, 61(7): 245-258.

WANG Haiyan, YU Wanchun, FENG Yan, WANG Qingchao. Study on Modelling of Axial Force Based on Energy Method in Tilted Helical Milling of CFRP[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 61(7): 245-258.

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