纵扭超声辅助钻削CFRP/TC4叠层结构的轴向力理论建模

doi:10.3901/JME.2025.07.210

摘要/Abstract

摘要： CFRP/TC4叠层因具有优异的机械物理性能，在航空航天、汽车等领域的应用比例逐年升高。纵扭超声振动应用于CFRP/TC4叠层的钻削可取得相比于传统加工更为理想的制孔效果。实现纵扭超声振动辅助钻削过程的轴向力预测对于CFRP/TC4合金叠层的低损伤钻削极为关键。因此，综合考虑了纵扭超声振动辅助钻削过程中切削角度、厚度的变化以及摩擦、犁耕特性对切削力的影响，对CFRP、TC4合金的主切削刃切削力、横刃切削力分别进行建模。基于纵扭振动钻头与叠层的相对位置关系确定不同钻削阶段的轴向力来源，建立轴向力的全阶段理论预测模型，并进一步探究TC4毛刺、孔壁损伤与轴向力的关联关系。结果表明，所建模型可预测纵扭超声振动辅助钻削CFRP/TC4合金叠层的轴向力，且CFRP与TC4合金的最高轴向力的理论值和实验值的误差在18.5%和14.86%以内。此外，轴向力与TC4毛刺高度、CFRP孔壁的损伤程度成正比，轴向力越高则TC4毛刺、纤维拔出、基体缺失等损伤愈加严重。

关键词: 纵扭超声辅助钻削, CFRP/TC4合金叠层, 轴向力, 损伤

Abstract: Due to its excellent mechanical and physical properties, the application proportion of CFRP/TC4 stacks in aerospace, automobile and other fields is increasing year by year. The application of longitudinal torsional ultrasonic vibration to the drilling of CFRP/TC4 stacks can obtain more ideal hole making effect than the traditional machining. The prediction of the thrust force in the longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic vibration assisted drilling process is very important for the low damage drilling of CFRP/TC4 alloy stacks. Therefore, the cutting force of the main cutting edge and the chisel edge of CFRP and TC4 alloy are modeled by considering the changes of cutting angle and thickness, as well as the effects of friction and ploughing characteristics on the cutting force during the drilling assisted by longitudinal and torsional ultrasonic vibration. Based on the relative position relationship between the longitudinal torsional vibration drill and the stack, the source of thrust force in different drilling stages is determined, and the full-stage theoretical prediction model of thrust force is established. The relationship between TC4 burr, hole wall damage and thrust force was further explored. The results show that the model can predict the thrust force of CFRP/TC4 alloy stacks in longitudinal torsional ultrasonic vibration assisted drilling, and the error between the theoretical value and the experimental value of the maximum thrust force of CFRP and TC4 alloy is within 18.5% and 14.86%. In addition, the thrust force is proportional to the burr height of TC4 and the damage degree of CFRP hole wall. When the thrust force is higher, the damage of TC4 burr, fiber pull-out and matrix loss is more serious.

Key words: longitudinal torsional ultrasonic vibration assisted drilling, CFRP/TC4 alloy stacks, thrust force, damage

中图分类号:

TG52

王春浩, 李鹏南, 邱新义, 李树健, 李常平, 牛秋林. 纵扭超声辅助钻削CFRP/TC4叠层结构的轴向力理论建模[J]. 机械工程学报, 2025, 61(7): 210-219.

WANG Chunhao, LI Pengnan, QIU Xinyi, LI Shujian, LI Changping, NIU Qiulin. Predicon of Thrust Force of CFRP/TC4 Stacks Structures in Longitudinal Torsional Ultrasonic Assisted Drilling[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 61(7): 210-219.

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