热输入对Q440qENH耐候钢SAW接头组织与性能的影响

doi:10.3901/JME.2025.04.147

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用20 kJ/cm、25 kJ/cm和30 kJ/cm的焊接热输入对Q440qENH耐候钢进行埋弧焊(Submerged arc welding, SAW)，并使用光学显微镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜等手段研究热输入对接头组织与性能的影响。结果表明，焊缝金属组织由先共析铁素体、侧板条铁素体、针状铁素体和M-A组元组成，粗晶区组织由板条贝氏体、粒状贝氏体和M-A组元组成，细晶区组织由细小的贝氏体组成。随着热输入的增大，焊缝金属中针状铁素体含量逐渐减小，铁素体板条逐渐粗化，M-A组元含量及尺寸和长条状M-A组元占比逐渐增大，导致焊缝金属的冲击韧性和硬度逐渐降低；粗晶区组织逐渐粗化，粒状贝氏体和M-A组元含量及尺寸逐渐增大，贝氏体板条从细小交织状向粗大平行状转变，导致热影响区的冲击韧性逐渐降低。焊接接头的板拉伸试样均在母材处断裂，弯曲试样均完好。

关键词: Q440qENH耐候钢, 热输入, 焊接接头, 显微组织, 性能

Abstract: Q440qENH weathering steel is welded by submerged arc welding(SAW) under welding heat inputs i.e. 20 kJ/cm, 25 kJ/cm, 30 kJ/cm respectively, and effects of heat input on microstructure and properties of the weld joints are studied by means of optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The results show that the microstructure of weld metal consists of proeutectoid ferrite, ferrite side-plate and acicular ferrite and M-A constituent, and the microstructure of the coarse grain zone consists of lath bainite, granular bainite and M-A constituent, the microstructure of fine-grained zone consists of fine bainite. With the increasing of heat input, the content of acicular ferrite in weld metal gradually decreases, the lath of ferrite gradually coarsens, the content and size of M-A constituent and the proportion of long strip M-A constituent gradually increase, resulting in the gradual decrease of impact toughness and hardness of weld metal; With the increasing of heat input, the microstructure of coarse grain zone gradually coarsen, the content and size of granular bainite and M-A constituent, the lath of bainite transforms from fine interlaced to coarse parallel, resulting in a gradual decrease in the impact toughness of the heat affected zone. The tensile test specimens of the welded joints are all fractured at the base metal, and the bending test specimens are all intact.

Key words: Q440qENH weathering steel, heat input, welded joints, microstructure, properties

中图分类号:

TG445

曾道平, 郑韶先, 安同邦, 左月, 马成勇. 热输入对Q440qENH耐候钢SAW接头组织与性能的影响[J]. 机械工程学报, 2025, 61(4): 147-155.

ZENG Daoping, ZHENG Shaoxian, AN Tongbang, ZUO Yue, MA Chengyong. Effect of Heat Input on Microstructure and Properties of SAW Joints of Q440qENH Weathering Steel[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 61(4): 147-155.

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