考虑温度影响的橡胶摩擦磨损仿真方法研究

doi:10.3901/JME.2025.01.253

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 汽车轮胎常因行驶中伴随温升而导致磨损加剧的问题进而影响汽车行驶安全性。为探究考虑温度影响下的胎面橡胶摩擦磨损特性，利用摩擦试验机测得不同温度下橡胶磨损系数，进而提出考虑温度变化的基于Archard磨损理论和能量耗散磨损理论的修正磨损模型；然后建立橡胶摩擦磨损的热力耦合仿真模型，通过设定稳态温度和瞬态温度两类分析工况，探究了不同橡胶摩擦磨损模型对接触应力、磨损量及温度分布等结果的影响，并通过磨损体积和接触面温度场对比验证磨损模型的有效性。结果表明：橡胶摩擦区域内温度、磨损与压力之间存在显著的耦合关系；稳态温度工况下橡胶磨损量小于瞬态温度工况；瞬态温度工况中Archard磨损模型的磨损深度略大于能量磨损模型的磨损深度，两种修正的磨损模型对应的磨损量均大于未修正的磨损模型的磨损量，且温度升高会导致磨损速率的显著增加；橡胶摩擦因数随着温度的升高呈现先增加、后降低的趋势，且温度的改变对橡胶微观磨损形貌有较为明显的影响。研究结果对认知橡胶摩擦磨损机理以及控制方法提供了一定的理论指导和应用价值。

关键词: 橡胶磨损, 磨损模型, 热力耦合, 磨损形貌, 摩擦试验

Abstract: The problem of tire wear caused by temperature rise during driving often affects the mileage of tires and the safety of car driving. In order to explore the influence of the temperature on the friction and wear characteristics of tread rubber, the wear coefficient of rubber under different temperatures is measured by friction tester, and then two modified wear models based on Archard wear theory and energy dissipation wear theory is proposed considering the temperature effects; Based on the principle of friction testing machine, a three-dimensional thermal mechanical coupling finite element model of rubber friction and wear is established. By setting the steady-state temperature and transient temperature analysis conditions, the influence of different rubber friction and wear prediction methods considering the effect of temperature on the analysis results of contact stress, wear amount and temperature distribution are discussed. The characteristics and mechanism of rubber friction and wear are further explored through experiments, and the effectiveness of the simulation model is compared and verified. The results show that there is a significant coupling relationship among the temperature, wear and pressure in the rubber friction region; The wear amount under steady-state temperature condition is less than that under transient temperature condition; The wear depth of Archard model is slightly greater than that of energy wear model under transient temperature conditions; The wear amount of the two modified wear models are greater than that of the unmodified wear model, and the difference between the two models will increase with the increase of temperature. Friction and wear tests show that the friction coefficient increases first and then decreases with the increase of temperature; The increase of temperature has obvious effect on the micro wear morphology. The research results provide theoretical guidance and application value for the cognition of rubber friction mechanism and control methods.

Key words: rubber wear, wear model, thermal mechanical coupling, wear morphology, friction test

中图分类号:

TQ332

周海超, 王荣乾, 梁晨, 王国林, 张铃欣. 考虑温度影响的橡胶摩擦磨损仿真方法研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2025, 61(1): 253-264.

ZHOU Haichao, WANG Rongqian, LIANG Chen, WANG Guolin, ZHANG Lingxin. Research on Simulation Method of Rubber Friction and Wear Considering Temperature Effect[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 61(1): 253-264.

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