C60纳米粒子切削液对15Cr14Co12Mo5Ni2WA齿轮钢切削特性的影响研究

doi:10.3901/JME.2023.23.358

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 高强度钢15Cr14Co12Mo5Ni2WA的切削特性表现为切削力大，造成刀具磨损快与崩刃严重、加工精度保持性差。针对上述问题，提出将富勒烯C60纳米粒子混合切削液作用于金属切削过程中的刀-屑接触区(II变形区)和刀-工接触区(III变形区)，以改善切削性能。为此，基于修正库仑摩擦、赫兹接触等理论方法建立了C60纳米粒子在刀-屑接触中的减摩润滑预测模型，研究预测了切削接触界面间产生的“纳米滚动轴承”效应及减摩特性，通过摩擦磨损试验测定了不同浓度C60纳米切削液下的摩擦特性变化，采用超景深3D显微镜、SEM、拉曼光谱仪等先进测量手段表征分析了试样表面磨痕微观形貌、研究了摩擦磨损机理。切削试验结果表明C60纳米切削液具有很好的减摩效果，有效地降低了切削力、工艺系统振动、刀具磨损，切削性能显著提升。应用在插削加工过程中，表现出切削冲击振动导致的刀具崩刃现象明显减少、因冷焊撕裂造成的前刀面局部剥落现象消失，刀具使用寿命延长。

关键词: C60, 纳米流体, 摩擦, 切削力, 刀具磨损

Abstract: The cutting characteristics of high strength steel 15Cr14Co12Mo5Ni2WA show that the cutting force is large, resulting in rapid tool wear and serious chipping, and poor machining accuracy retention. To solve the above problems, it is proposed that fullerene C60 nanoparticles mixed cutting fluid act on the tool-chip contact zone (II deformation zone) and tool-tool contact zone (III deformation zone) in the metal cutting process to improve the cutting performance. Based on the modified Coulomb friction and Hertzian contact theory, the prediction model of antifriction and lubrication of C60 nanoparticles in tool-chip contact is established, and the "nano-rolling bearing" effect and antifriction characteristics of cutting contact interface are studied and predicted. Based on the friction and wear test, the change of friction characteristics of C60 nano-cutting fluid with different concentrations is measured. The advanced measurement methods such as 3D microscope, SEM and Raman spectrometer are used to characterize the micro-morphology of wear scars on the surface of the samples, and the friction and wear mechanism is studied in depth. The cutting test shows that C60 nano cutting fluid has a good anti-friction effect, which effectively reduces the cutting force, process system vibration and tool wear, and significantly improves the cutting performance. When it is used in the slotting process, the phenomenon of tool tipping caused by cutting impact vibration is significantly reduced, the phenomenon of local spalling on the rake face caused by cold welding tear disappears, and the service life of the tool is prolonged.

Key words: C60, nanofluid, friction, cutting force, tool wear

中图分类号:

TB34
TH140

黄景山, 刘国亮, 孙浩, 姚斌, 金林, 陈彬强, 曹新城, 王山城, 许浩, 蔡志钦. C60纳米粒子切削液对15Cr14Co12Mo5Ni2WA齿轮钢切削特性的影响研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2023, 59(23): 358-371.

HUANG Jingshan, LIU Guoliang, SUN Hao, YAO Bin, JIN Lin, CHEN Binqiang, CAO Xincheng, WANG Shancheng, XU Hao, CAI Zhiqin. Effect of C60 Nanoparticle Cutting Fluid on Cutting Characteristics of 15Cr14Co12Mo5Ni2WA Gear Steel[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2023, 59(23): 358-371.

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