• CN:11-2187/TH
  • ISSN:0577-6686

机械工程学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (19): 1-11.doi: 10.3901/JME.2022.19.001

• 机器人及机构学 • 上一篇    下一篇

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空间6R串联机械手逆运动学分析的新方法研究

张英1, 黄起能1, 廖启征1, 杨旭2, 魏世民1   

  1. 1. 北京邮电大学现代邮政学院(自动化学院) 北京 100876;
    2. 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 北京 100094
  • 收稿日期:2021-10-26 修回日期:2022-04-15 出版日期:2022-10-05 发布日期:2023-01-05
  • 通讯作者: 张英(通信作者),女,1987年出生,博士,副教授。主要研究方向为机器人机构学。E-mail:graduate_yingzh@bupt.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:黄起能,男,1996年出生,硕士。主要研究方向为机器人机构学。E-mail:hqn@bupt.edu.cn ;廖启征,男,1947年出生,博士,教授。主要研究方向为机器人机构学。E-mail:qzliao@bupt.edu.cn;杨旭,男,1986年出生,博士,工程师。主要研究方向为空间机器人系统设计。E-mail:raulyangxu@126.com;魏世民,男,1965年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为机器人机构学。E-mail:wsmly@bupt.edu
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(51605036)。

Research on the Novel Method for Inverse Kinematics Analysis of Spatial 6R Serial Manipulators

ZHANG Ying1, HUANG Qineng1, LIAO Qizheng1, YANG Xu2, WEI Shimin1   

  1. 1. School of Modern Post (School of Automation), Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876;
    2. Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering, Beijing 100094
  • Received:2021-10-26 Revised:2022-04-15 Online:2022-10-05 Published:2023-01-05

摘要: 为了解决空间6R串联机械手的逆运动学问题使用矩阵方法建模时,需要进行矢量运算或投影运算的问题,基于四维旋转矩阵和倍矩阵,提出了一种建模新方法。根据三维空间刚体变换的四维旋转矩阵和倍矩阵表示,建立空间6R串联机械手的正运动学方程。通过变量分离,直接得到14个逆运动学基本约束方程;通过线性消元和Sylvester结式消元,将其转化为求解一个16阶矩阵的特征值问题,得到该问题的16组解。采用数值实例和SolidWorks仿真验证了新方法的正确性。新方法的优势在于可以直接得到14个逆运动学约束方程,不需要进行矢量运算或者投影等,并且由于新方法将三维空间中的平移变换近似为四维空间中的旋转变换,故而可以统一求解含有R、P和C副的空间串联机械手逆运动学问题。

关键词: 空间6R串联机械手, 逆运动学, 四维旋转矩阵, 倍矩阵, 特征值求解

Abstract: In order to cope with the requirements of vector operation and projection operation, in the process of kinematic modeling using the matrix method for the inverse kinematic analysis of spatial 6R serial manipulators, a novel modeling method for the problem is proposed based on the 4D rotational matrix and the double matrix. On the basis of the representations of the 4D rotational matrix and the double matrix of the spatial rigid body transformation, the forward kinematic equations of a spatial 6R serial manipulator are formulated. By variables separation, the 14 inverse kinematic equations are readily obtained from the novel formulation. The 16 sets of solution are the corresponding eigenvalue of the 16-order coefficient matrix by the linear elimination and Sylvester resultant elimination from the fourteen equations. The numerical example and the corresponding 3D configuration based on SolidWorks are provided to verified the correctness. The advantage of the new method lies in that 14 kinematic constraint equations are readily obtained without vector operation and projection operation, and the new method regards the spatial rigid-body translation as the special case of the four-dimensional rotation, and therefore it can deal with revolute, prismatic and cylindrical joint in a uniform matter.

Key words: spatial 6R serial manipulators, inverse kinematic analysis, 4D rotational matrices, double matrices, eigenvalue solution

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