振动俘能技术在可穿戴领域的应用

doi:10.3901/JME.2022.20.046

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 能源问题日渐严峻，发展环保、便捷、可持续的能源技术是当务之急。相较于太阳能、热梯度、射频等环境能量，振动能量在人体运动及周围环境中具有广泛存在性，振动俘能技术也因此越来越受到人们的广泛关注。当前，可穿戴设备的发展受续航能力限制，而传统电池存在着较多弊端与风险，收集人体运动的能量来为可穿戴电子设备供电也成为当前研究的热点。简要介绍电磁、静电、压电、摩擦电振动能量收集器的基本工作原理，并详细综述它们在可穿戴/可植入领域的研究进展，以及在人体各部位振动俘能的应用案例，对比阐述不同俘能机理的特点，最后对四种振动能量收集器在可穿戴领域所面临的输出性能、长期稳定性、穿戴舒适性等挑战进行总结并由此展望了其未来的发展趋势。

关键词: 振动俘能, 可穿戴设备, 电磁, 静电, 压电, 摩擦电

Abstract: The energy crisis has become more and more serious, and there is an urgent demand for environmental friendly, convenient and sustainable energy technology. Compared with some other ambient energy, such as solar energy, thermal gradient, and radio frequency, vibration energy is widely distributed in human movements and the surroundings. Therefore, vibration energy harvesting technology has attracted more and more attention. The development of wearable devices is limited by battery system, which has many drawbacks and risks. Harvesting energy from human motions to power wearable electronic devices has also become a research hotspot recently. The basic working principles of electromagnetic, electrostatic, piezoelectric, triboelectric vibration energy harvesters are briefly introduced, and their research progresses in the field of wearable/implantable devices are reviewed specifically. Besides, the applications of vibration energy harvesters in various parts of the human body are summarized. The characteristics of the four kinds of energy harvesting mechanisms are comparatively explained. Meanwhile, the output performance, long-term stability, wearing comfort and other challenges faced by vibration energy harvesters in the field of wearable devices are summarized, and their future development is expected finally.

Key words: vibration energy harvesting, wearable devices, electromagnetic, electrostatic, piezoelectric, triboelectric

中图分类号:

TB535
TM619

于家豪, 陶凯. 振动俘能技术在可穿戴领域的应用[J]. 机械工程学报, 2022, 58(20): 46-71.

YU Jiahao, TAO Kai. Applications of Vibration Energy Harvesting Technology in the Field of Wearable Devices[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2022, 58(20): 46-71.

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