• CN:11-2187/TH
  • ISSN:0577-6686

机械工程学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (20): 27-45.doi: 10.3901/JME.2022.20.027

• 特邀专栏:振动俘能器件与系统 • 上一篇    下一篇

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压电能量俘获结构及其升频转换技术的发展现状

吴义鹏1, 李森1, 蓝春波1, 周圣鹏2, 谢维泰3, 裘进浩1, 季宏丽1   

  1. 1. 南京航空航天大学机械结构力学及控制国家重点实验室 南京 210016;
    2. 上海卫星工程研究所 上海 201109;
    3. 中国航空无线电电子研究所电子部 上海 200241
  • 收稿日期:2021-12-05 修回日期:2022-06-10 出版日期:2022-10-20 发布日期:2022-12-27
  • 通讯作者: 裘进浩(通信作者),男,1963年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为压电智能材料,结构健康监测,振动噪声控制等。E-mail:qiu@nuaa.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:吴义鹏,男,1986年出生,博士,副教授。主要研究方向为基于压电材料的振动控制与能量收集。E-mail:yipeng.wu@nuaa.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(51705251)和中央高校基本科研业务费(NS2021006)资助项目。

Recent Development of Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting Structures and the Technology of Frequency Up-converting Oscillators

WU Yipeng1, LI Sen1, LAN Chunbo1, ZHOU Shengpeng2, XIE Weitai3, QIU Jinhao1, JI Hongli1   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016;
    2. Shanghai Institute of Satellite Engineering, Shanghai 201109;
    3. Chinese Aeronautical Radio Electronics Research Institute, Shanghai 200241
  • Received:2021-12-05 Revised:2022-06-10 Online:2022-10-20 Published:2022-12-27

摘要: 压电材料作为一种良好的机电换能元件,具有体积小、成本低、工作性能可靠等优势,但如何设计压电振子高效地俘获环境振动能,仍是本领域的关键技术难题。以定频式、调频式和宽频式三类典型压电振子为代表的结构共振频率匹配设计能部分解决上述难题,但面向环境低频、超低频振动能俘获,上述振子仍面临输出功率低、可靠性差等问题,途径之一是通过机械式升频转换技术将低频激励转换成压电振子的高频振荡,同时突破超低频压电元件功率密度低的限制。几类机械式升频转换技术被区分并简要介绍,重点阐述一种借助非线性系统内共振现象实现的机械升频转换方法。内共振升频技术具有激励加速度阈值低、升频转化能量损失少等优势,进一步拓宽压电振子领域内的机械式升频转换研究。

关键词: 振动能量收集, 压电振子, 共振频率匹配, 升频转换, 内共振

Abstract: Piezoelectric material is a kind of excellent electromechanical conversion element, has the advantages of small volume, low cost, reliability and so on. But how to design piezoelectric oscillators and efficiently scavenge ambient vibration energy, is still a key technical problem needed to be solved in the corresponding field. Three kinds of typical piezoelectric oscillators based on the resonant frequency matching strategy, represented by constant resonant frequency, resonant frequency tuning and wideband operating frequency structures, are the partial solution to the problem mentioned above. However, the problems such as the low output power and the reliability of oscillating structures are still existing, while harvesting the ambient low or ultra-low frequency vibration energy. To up-convert the excitation frequency into high oscillation frequency of piezoelectric structures through mechanical frequency up-conversion technology, is a reasonable approach and can break through the low power density limitation of piezoelectric elements under the condition of ultra-low frequency. Several kinds of mechanical frequency up-conversion techniques are distinguished and introduced, especially for an internal resonance based frequency up-conversion approach in nonlinear vibration systems. Such approach has the advantages of low threshold of excited acceleration, less energy losses during the frequency conversion stage, etc., broadening the mechanical frequency up-conversion research in the field of piezoelectric oscillators.

Key words: vibration energy harvesting, piezoelectric oscillator, resonant frequency matching, frequency up-conversion, internal resonance

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