后掠风力机叶片非定常气弹耦合模型与响应分析

doi:10.3901/JME.2022.04.174

机械工程学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (4): 174-182.doi: 10.3901/JME.2022.04.174

• 可再生能源与工程热物理 • 上一篇下一篇

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后掠风力机叶片非定常气弹耦合模型与响应分析

郭坤翔, 夏鸿建, 李德源, 黄俊东

广东工业大学机电工程学院广州 510006

收稿日期:2021-03-09 修回日期:2021-09-03 出版日期:2022-02-20 发布日期:2022-04-30
通讯作者: 夏鸿建(通信作者),男,1978年出生,博士,副教授。主要研究方向为机械系统动力学与机械振动。
作者简介:郭坤翔,男,1993年出生。主要研究方向为风力机气动载荷和结构响应分析。E-mail:173965281@qq.cpm;李德源,男,1965年出生,博士,教授,硕士研究生导师。主要研究方向为风力机结构与动力学分析,机械振动。E-mail:lidey@gdut.edu.cn;黄俊东,男,1993年出生。主要研究方向为风力机结构与动力学分析。E-mail:644293777@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(51776044,51105079)和广东省科技(2017A010104016,2020A1515010844)资助项目。

Unsteady Aeroelastic Coupling Model and Dynamic Response Analysis of Back-swept Blade on Wind Turbines

GUO Kunxiang, XIA Hongjian, LI Deyuan, HUANG Jundong

School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006

Received:2021-03-09 Revised:2021-09-03 Online:2022-02-20 Published:2022-04-30

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 后掠叶片外展段后掠，弹性轴与扭转轴分离，致使叶片非线性变形显著，气流沿叶片展向流动和气弹耦合特性增强。为精确分析后掠叶片的结构与气动之间的耦合关系，采用螺旋尾涡升力线模型结合修正的B-L动态失速模型，并计及积叠线瞬时变形对诱导速度的影响，计算非定常气动载荷；叶片结构部分通过超级单元将后掠叶片离散成多体系统，借鉴成熟的多体递归建模技术，实现转动叶片的高效组装与数值求解。通过模拟NREL 5 MW直叶片的稳态响应，验证计算模型的有效性与精度；然后分析5 MW后掠叶片，在变桨距和不变桨距情况下的非定常气动响应。数值仿真结果表明，该模型能有效地模拟后掠叶片非线性变形和非定常气动特性，能为新型降载增效后掠叶片的气动性能、疲劳载荷谱分析与结构优化设计提供有效数值分析方法。

关键词: 风力机, 后掠叶片, 升力线, B-L模型, 气弹耦合

Abstract: The elastic shaft of back-swept blade is separated from the torsion shaft which resulting in the nonlinear deformation of blade structure, three-dimensional flow. It significantly enhances aero-elastic coupling characteristics of rotating blade. In order to accurately analyse the coupling relationship between the structure and aerodynamics of the back-swept blade, the helicoidal wake vortex lift line method combined with the modified B-L dynamic stall model is used to calculate the unsteady aerodynamic load. And, the influence of instantaneous deformation of the stack line on the induction speed is also token into account. To model the structure of blade with nonlinear deformation, the super-element is adopted to discretize the back-swept blade into a multi-body system, and the multi-body recursive formulation is used to conduct the efficient assembly of dynamic equations and numerical solution of the rotating blade. The effectiveness and accuracy of the simulation model are verified by analysing the steady-state response of NREL 5 MW straight blades. Then, the unsteady response of 5 MW back-swept blade with pitch and no pitch is also analysed. Numerical results show that the proposed method can effectively simulate the nonlinear deformation and unsteady aerodynamic characteristics of the back-swept blade and it can provide an effective numerical analysis method for the aerodynamic performance simulation, fatigue load spectrum analysis and structural optimization design of back-swept blade with the load-alleviating function.

Key words: wind turbines, back-swept blade, lift line, B-L model, aeroelastic coupling

中图分类号:

TK83

郭坤翔, 夏鸿建, 李德源, 黄俊东. 后掠风力机叶片非定常气弹耦合模型与响应分析[J]. 机械工程学报, 2022, 58(4): 174-182.

GUO Kunxiang, XIA Hongjian, LI Deyuan, HUANG Jundong. Unsteady Aeroelastic Coupling Model and Dynamic Response Analysis of Back-swept Blade on Wind Turbines[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2022, 58(4): 174-182.

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后掠风力机叶片非定常气弹耦合模型与响应分析

Unsteady Aeroelastic Coupling Model and Dynamic Response Analysis of Back-swept Blade on Wind Turbines

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