性能梯度分布热成形技术研究进展

doi:10.3901/JME.2016.08.067

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 高强钢热成形技术对实现汽车轻量化,提高汽车的安全性能具有重要作用。传统的热成形技术所得制件具有超高强度,但塑性通常较低,综合力学性能不高。近年来,为了使热成形件兼具高强度和高塑性的力学性能指标,性能梯度分布热成形技术成为学者们的研究热点。通过分析性能梯度分布热成形技术的强化机理,对实现材料性能梯度分布热成形技术的工艺调控思路进行归纳总结;从加工工艺的角度出发,对当前实现性能梯度分布热成形技术的方法进行分析,对如何通过控制初始加热温度、模具冷却速度、改进模具材料和模具与成形件接触面积从而达到材料微观组织渐变分布、性能梯度分布的目的进行详细阐述;对国内外性能梯度分布热成形技术研究现状进行总结与分析,对性能梯度分布热成形技术的主要发展方向及其中存在的关键科学问题,包括理论基础、加热技术工艺实现、性能梯度分布模具设计等,进行深入探讨。性能梯度分布热成形技术对于精确成形、轻量化、高性能、短流程、低成本、环境友好有着重要的作用,是未来热成形技术发展的重要方向。

关键词: 高强钢, 轻量化, 热成形, 性能梯度分布

Abstract: High strength steel hot forming technology plays an important role in achieving lightweight vehicles, improving the safety performance of vehicles. The traditional hot forming product has high strength, but the plasticity is usually low and comprehensive mechanical performance is not high. Recent years, in order to achieve both high strength and high plasticity of the hot forming parts, performance gradient distribution hot forming technology has become the hotspot of scholars. The process control of material gradient properties hot forming technology is summarized through the analysis of strengthening mechanism of performance gradient distribution hot forming technology. The current methods to realize performance gradient distribution of hot forming technology are analyzed from the perspective of process, which contains detail description about how to control the initial heating temperature, cooling rate, and how to improve the mold material and the mold and forming contact area with the aim of achieving the material microstructure and performance gradient distribution. The performance gradient distribution hot forming technology research status at home and abroad is summarized and analyzed. The main direction and key scientific problems of performance gradient distribution hot forming technology, including the theoretical basis, the heating technology implementation, performance gradient distribution mold design are discussed. Performance gradient distribution hot forming technology plays an important role in precision forming, lightweight, high performance, short process, low cost and environment friendly characteristics. It is an important direction for future development of hot forming technology.

Key words: high-strength steel, hot forming, lightweight, performance gradient distribution

中图分类号:

TG156

彭艳, 刘才溢, 郝露菡, 邢鹏达. 性能梯度分布热成形技术研究进展[J]. 机械工程学报, 2016, 52(8): 67-75.

PENG Yan, LIU Caiyi, HAO Luhan, XING Pengda. Review of Performance Gradient Distribution Hot Forming Technology[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2016, 52(8): 67-75.

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