渐变强化刃刀具硬切削过程切屑流动和刀具磨损研究

doi:10.3901/JME.2019.19.195

机械工程学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (19): 195-200.doi: 10.3901/JME.2019.19.195

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渐变强化刃刀具硬切削过程切屑流动和刀具磨损研究

陈涛, 宋立星, 李素燕, 郭健, 刘献礼

哈尔滨理工大学机械动力工程学院哈尔滨 150080

收稿日期:2018-10-14 修回日期:2019-04-25 出版日期:2019-10-05 发布日期:2020-01-07
作者简介:陈涛,男,1979年出生,博士,教授。主要研究方向为高效切削及刀具技术。E-mail:dotnetchen@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目（51475125）。

Research into Chip Flow and Tool Wear in Hard Cutting Using Tool with Variable Strengthening Edge

CHEN Tao, SONG Lixing, LI Suyan, GUO Jian, LIU Xianli

School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080

Received:2018-10-14 Revised:2019-04-25 Online:2019-10-05 Published:2020-01-07

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 刃口倒棱结构在提升切削刃强度的同时也进一步增大了切削过程中的热力载荷，进而影响着硬切削加工的切屑流动、刀具磨损和加工表面质量。利用高速摄影方法，对比分析了渐变强化刃和定值倒棱两种结构PCBN刀具的切屑流动特性，发现渐变强化刃结构具有协调切屑流动的作用，能有效地解决硬切削过程切屑积聚问题。结合硬切削试验，开展了渐变强化刃刀具磨损特性研究，结果表明：与定值倒棱刀具相对集中的磨损带不同，渐变强化刃刀具磨损区域则更为狭长，后刀面磨损带呈现为长三角形，具备了更为优异的刃口保持性和耐用度，当进入到刃形改变阶段，其磨损机制由磨粒磨损机制逐渐变化为磨粒、氧化和扩散等多种机制的混合形式。渐变强化刃结构刀具在改善切屑流动和提升刀具耐用度方面均体现出了明显的优势，具备了良好的推广应用前景。

关键词: 硬切削, 渐变强化刃, PCBN刀具, 切屑流动, 刀具磨损

Abstract: The edge chamfered structure not only enhances the strength of cutting edge, but also increases the thermal load in the cutting process, which affects the chip flow, tool wear and machining surface quality in hard cutting. The high-speed photography is used to compare the characteristics of chip flow from the two PCBN tools respectively with variable strengthening edge and invariable chamfered edge, and it is found that the variable strengthening edge can effectively coordinate chip flow, and get rid of chip accumulation in hard cutting. Through the hard cutting experiment, the wear characteristics of the PCBN tool with variable strengthening edge are researched. The results indicated that the wear zone is relatively concentrated for the tool with invariable chamfered edge, while the one is narrow and long for the tool with variable strengthening edge, and especially the flank wear belt is a long triangle. Thus, the latter has better cutting edge retention and tool durability. When the edge form got to change, the flank wear mechanism gradually is changed into a mixture of abrasive, oxidation and diffusion wear from the abrasive wear. The tool with variable strengthening edge is obviously advantageous in improving chip flow and increasing tool life. Thus its widespread application is promising.

Key words: hard cutting, variable strengthening edge, PCBN tool, chip flow, tool wear

中图分类号:

TG501

陈涛, 宋立星, 李素燕, 郭健, 刘献礼. 渐变强化刃刀具硬切削过程切屑流动和刀具磨损研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2019, 55(19): 195-200.

CHEN Tao, SONG Lixing, LI Suyan, GUO Jian, LIU Xianli. Research into Chip Flow and Tool Wear in Hard Cutting Using Tool with Variable Strengthening Edge[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2019, 55(19): 195-200.

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渐变强化刃刀具硬切削过程切屑流动和刀具磨损研究

Research into Chip Flow and Tool Wear in Hard Cutting Using Tool with Variable Strengthening Edge

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