关键词: 救捞打捞, 研究与进展, 碰撞, 平交道口, 汽车, 脱轨, 有轨电车

Abstract: Rescue and salvage is an important part of the national emergency security system to undertake life, property, environment rescue and sunken objects salvage. It also provides security of maritime transport and offshore resource development and many other tasks. Strengthening the equipment technology research is the fundamental to improve the rescue and salvage comprehensive ability and is an important part of the national development strategy. Many specialized rescue and salvage equipments are developed ahead from the onshore equipments with the adaptability features of reliable to severe marine condition and great depth. Also rescue and salvage equipments cross mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, fluid power transmission and control, microelectronics, materials, etc. And the key techniques are not only limited to the rescue and salvage engineering, but also maritime transport, offshore oil and gas development, marine exploration, military and other applications. Therefore, aiming to induce the key technical problems and significant challenges in researches on rescue and salvage equipments, the current development is analyzed on the rescue ship and aircraft, maritime search equipment, spilled oil disposal equipment, floating crane, undersea penetrator, saturation diving equipment, and so on. These provide reference development strategy for our country in the field of rescue and salvage engineering.

Key words: Rescue and salvage, Research and development, automobile, city tram, collision, derailment, level crossing