轮胎三向动态特性试验及非线性建模

doi:10.3901/JME.2018.18.085

机械工程学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (18): 85-96.doi: 10.3901/JME.2018.18.085

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轮胎三向动态特性试验及非线性建模

李韶华^1,2, 周军魏¹, 张志达¹

1. 石家庄铁道大学机械工程学院石家庄 050043;
2. 河北省交通安全与控制重点实验室石家庄 050043

收稿日期:2018-02-25 修回日期:2018-09-28 出版日期:2018-09-20 发布日期:2018-09-20
通讯作者: 周军魏(通信作者),男,1991年出生,硕士。主要研究方向为车辆动力学与控制。E-mail:601920850@qq.com
作者简介:李韶华,女,1973年出生,博士,教授,博士生导师。主要研究方向为车辆动力学与控制、车辆-道路相互作用。E-mail:lishaohua@stdu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目（11472180，11602153）。

Experiment and Nonlinear Modeling on Tire Dynamic Characteristics of Three Directional

LI Shaohua^1,2, ZHOU Junwei¹, ZHANG Zhida¹

1. Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang 050043;
2. Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety and Control in Hebei, Shijiazhuang 050043

Received:2018-02-25 Revised:2018-09-28 Online:2018-09-20 Published:2018-09-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 轮胎的刚度和阻尼特性对汽车操纵稳定性、乘坐舒适性及噪声等产生显著影响。目前对轮胎刚度和阻尼的试验及建模研究主要集中在径向或侧偏特性，对轮胎三向动态特性的研究尚不多见。设计制作一种新型轮胎三向动态特性试验机，对重型子午线轮胎进行三向动态刚度及阻尼的测试，分别建立了轮胎侧向、纵向和径向刚度、阻尼非线性模型，分析胎压及激励频率对轮胎性能的影响。研究表明，轮胎三向动刚度随激励频率增加而降低，随胎压升高而增大；轮胎阻尼随激励频率的增加而迅速下降，随胎压的升高而缓慢增大。在此基础上，进一步提出一种统一的四次非线性数学模型，可以描述轮胎侧向、纵向和径向滞迟非线性特性。该模型形式简单，易于参数识别，并且仿真结果与试验数据吻合良好，对于整车动力学分析和轮胎路面相互作用研究具有参考价值。

关键词: 动刚度, 非线性, 轮胎, 三向, 试验建模, 阻尼

Abstract: The stiffness and damping characteristics of the tire have significant influence on vehicle handling stability, ride comfort and noise. At present, the experimental modeling on tire stiffness and damping mainly focus on radial stiffness, but the research on tire dynamic characteristics in three directions is relatively few. In this work, an innovative three-directional dynamic characteristic experiment equipment is designed and manufactured, and dynamic test of the three-directional stiffness and damping of a heavy-duty radial tire 10.00R20 is carried out. Based on test data, the effects of tire pressure, excitation frequency and amplitude on tire dynamic property are analyzed in detail. It is revealed that the three-directional tire dynamic stiffness decreases with the increase of excitation frequency and increases as the tire pressure increases. The tire damping decreases rapidly with the rise of excitation frequency and increases slowly as the tire pressure increases. Moreover, a universal quartic nonlinear model is proposed to describe tire vertical, lateral and longitudinal stiffness and damping. The expression of model is simple and the parameters are easily identified. It is found that the simulation result of this model is in good agreement with experiment result. The model will be beneficial to vehicle dynamics analysis and tire-road interaction research.

Key words: damping, dynamic stiffness, experimental modeling, nonlinearity, three directional, tire

中图分类号:

U463

李韶华, 周军魏, 张志达. 轮胎三向动态特性试验及非线性建模[J]. 机械工程学报, 2018, 54(18): 85-96.

LI Shaohua, ZHOU Junwei, ZHANG Zhida. Experiment and Nonlinear Modeling on Tire Dynamic Characteristics of Three Directional[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2018, 54(18): 85-96.

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轮胎三向动态特性试验及非线性建模

Experiment and Nonlinear Modeling on Tire Dynamic Characteristics of Three Directional

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