绝热温升效应下玻纤增强聚丙烯材料动态模型参数识别

doi:10.3901/JME.260117

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 考虑到车用仪表板在气囊展开试验中出现的高温和大应变情况，为提升安全气囊模块气囊门撕裂展开的仿真精度，有必要对仪表板材料开展材料级试验及本构参数的识别研究。以汽车仪表板所用玻纤增强聚丙烯(Glass fiber reinforced polypropylene, PPGF)材料为研究对象，分别进行准静态、高温、高应变率和不同应力状态下的材料力学性能测试，获得不同条件下的应力应变曲线。动态拉伸试验表明，材料断裂应变随应变率增加而增大，经分析发现此现象为绝热温升现象。基于试验结果，在考虑动态拉伸过程中的绝热温升效应后，对Johnson-Cook(J-C)模型的参数识别方法进行了改进。首先，从宏观角度研究应变率及温度对材料性能的影响。之后基于试验数据对J-C本构模型和断裂失效模型进行参数识别，并考虑了动态拉伸条件下绝热温升效应的影响，拟合得到能较好描述PPGF材料性能的模型参数。最后采用有限元软件建立了高速拉伸和三点弯曲试验的三维模型，使用识别方法改进前后得到的J-C模型参数进行数值模拟计算，对比验证了模型及识别方法改进的有效性。结果表明改进后的识别方法得到的J-C模型参数可以有效地描述PPGF材料在大应变和高应变率条件下的应力流动行为和断裂失效行为。

关键词: 玻纤增强聚丙烯材料, 本构模型, 断裂失效模型, 绝热温升效应, 应变率效应

Abstract: Considering the high temperatures and large deformations that occur during airbag deployment tests on vehicle instrument panels, it is necessary to conduct material-level tests and constitutive parameter identification studies on the materials used in the instrument panel in order to improve the simulation accuracy of the airbag module airbag door tear-off deployment. Taking glass fiber reinforced polypropylene(PPGF) used in vehicle instrument panels as the research object, material mechanical properties tests are conducted under quasi-static, high-temperature, high strain rate, and different stress state conditions to obtain the stress-strain curves of the material under different conditions. At the same time, it is found that the fracture strain of the material increased with increasing strain rate during dynamic stretching process. Through this phenomenon, it is found that this is the exothermic warming effect. Based on the test results, the Johnson-Cook (J-C) model parameter identification method is improved by considering the exothermic warming effect in the dynamic stretching process. First, the effect of strain rate and temperature softening on material properties is studied from a macroscopic perspective. Then, the model parameters of the J-C constitutive model and the fracture failure model are identified based on the experimental data, considering the effect of exothermic warming in the dynamic stretching condition. The model parameters describing the properties of PPGF material are well fitted. Finally, a three-dimensional model of the high-speed stretching and three-point bending test are established using finite element software, and the J-C model parameter values identified before and after the improvement are used for numerical simulation calculations. By comparing the experimental and numerical simulation results, the validity of the model and the improved identification method is verified. The results show that the J-C model parameter values obtained using the improved identification method can effectively describe the stress flow behavior and fracture failure behavior of PPGF material under large deformation and high strain rate conditions.

Key words: PPGF material, constitutive model, fracture failure model, adiabatic temperature, strain rate effect

中图分类号:

TQ311

刘晓昂, 王思瑶, 郑威君, 陈光, 张曲, 顾晨光, 上官文斌. 绝热温升效应下玻纤增强聚丙烯材料动态模型参数识别[J]. 机械工程学报, 2026, 62(4): 190-202.

LIU Xiaoang, WANG Siyao, ZHENG Weijun, CHEN Guang, ZHANG Qu, GU Chenguang, SHANGGUAN Wenbin. Parameter Identification of Dynamic Model of Glass Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene under Adiabatic Temperature Rise Effect[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(4): 190-202.

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