激光粉末床熔融AlCoCrFeNi2.1共晶高熵合金TPMS点阵结构吸能性能研究

doi:10.3901/JME.260078

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对激光粉末床熔融(LPBF)传统合金三周期极小曲面(TPMS)点阵结构强塑性难以协同的难题，系统研究了AlCoCrFeNi_2.1共晶高熵合金LPBF工艺及其TPMS点阵结构的力学性能。最优参数组合时AlCoCrFeNi_2.1共晶高熵合金弹性模量达255 GPa，压缩屈服应力达1 348 MPa，抗压强度达2 520 MPa，压缩应变超25%。微观组织表征结果表明，其具有FCC(130～250 nm)/BCC(20～30 nm)双相纳米片层结构，元素偏聚形成异质界面协同强化。通过制造Diamond、Gyroid、Primitive三种TPMS结构及BCC桁架结构，揭示了点阵构型、相对密度和单胞尺寸结构参数对准静态压缩性能的影响规律。弹性模量、屈服应力及吸能均与相对密度正相关，Diamond、Gyroid和Primitive结构最大吸能分别达2 369 J、2 062 J和1 096 J。弹性模量与屈服应力随单胞尺寸增大呈线性增长，平台应力和吸能同步提升。Gyroid、Primitive结构在40%相对密度时比弹性模量的峰值分别达到47.8 GPa/kg、46.9 GPa/kg。相对Gyroid、Primitive、BCC构型，Diamond结构综合性能最优，比弹性模量达到72.6 GPa/kg，比吸能达38.7 J/g。与316L不锈钢和Ti-6Al-4V钛合金同类TPMS点阵综合对比，可知AlCoCrFeNi_2.1点阵结构具有更为优异的强度-塑性匹配性能，在极端载荷条件下的高承载与吸能方面具有良好的应用前景。

关键词: 共晶高熵合金, TPMS点阵结构, LPBF增材制造, 吸能性能

Abstract: There are significant challenges in balancing the strength and plasticity in traditional alloy triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) lattice structures fabricated by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). In this work, a systematic study on the LPBF process of AlCoCrFeNi_2.1 eutectic high entropy alloy and its TPMS lattice structures' mechanical properties has been conducted. The optimal parameter combination resulted in the elastic modulus of 255 GPa, the yield stress of 1348 MPa, the compressive strength of 2520 MPa, and the compressive strain exceeding 25%. Microstructure characterization revealed a dual-phase nanolamellar structure of FCC (130-250 nm) and BCC (20-30 nm) with element segregation forming heterogeneous interfaces for synergistic strengthening. Diamond, Gyroid, Primitive TPMS structures and BCC truss structures are fabricated to reveal the influence of lattice configuration, relative density, and unit cell size on quasi-static compression properties. The elastic modulus, yield stress, and energy absorption are positively correlated with the relative density. The maximum energy absorption of Diamond, Gyroid, and Primitive structures reached 2369 J, 2062 J, and 1096 J, respectively. The elastic modulus and yield stress increased linearly with unit cell size, and the plateau stress and energy absorption are enhanced simultaneously. At a relative density of 40%, the specific elastic modulus of Gyroid and Primitive structures reached 47.8 GPa/kg and 46.9 GPa/kg respectively. The Diamond structure had the best comprehensive properties with a specific elastic modulus of 72.6 GPa/kg and a specific energy absorption of 38.7 J/g. Compared with TPMS lattices of 316L stainless steel and Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy, the AlCoCrFeNi_2.1 lattice structure has superior strength-plasticity matching and great application prospects for high load-bearing and energy absorption under extreme loading conditions.

Key words: eutectic high-entropy alloy, TPMS lattice structures, LPBF additive manufacturing, energy absorption performance

中图分类号:

TH16

王康帅, 韦辉亮, 吴越峰, 石家铭, 刘婷婷, 廖文和. 激光粉末床熔融AlCoCrFeNi_2.1共晶高熵合金TPMS点阵结构吸能性能研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2026, 62(3): 176-189.

WANG Kangshuai, WEI Huiliang, WU Yuefeng, SHI Jiaming, LIU Tingting, LIAO Wenhe. Study on the Energy Absorption of Eutectic High Entropy Alloy AlCoCrFeNi_2.1 TPMS Lattice Structures Fabricated by Laser Powder Bed Fusion[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(3): 176-189.

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