高速列车TMD车轮的高频响应特性研究

doi:10.3901/JME.260726

机械工程学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (16): 207-216.doi: 10.3901/JME.260726

• 特邀专辑：轨道运载装备动态设计理论与运维技术 • 上一篇

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高速列车TMD车轮的高频响应特性研究

冯青松^1,2, 刘健^1,2, 成功^1,2, 圣小珍³, 胡星星^1,2

1. 华东交通大学山区土木工程安全与韧性全国重点实验室南昌 330013;
2. 华东交通大学铁路环境振动与噪声教育部工程研究中心南昌 330013;
3. 上海工程技术大学城市轨道交通学院上海 201620

收稿日期:2025-08-13 修回日期:2026-02-09 发布日期:2026-10-14
作者简介:冯青松，男，1978年出生，博士，教授，博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为轨道交通环境振动与噪声、高速列车噪声与振动控制和轨道交通安全服役与智能运维。E-mail：fqshdjtdx@aliyun.com;成功(通信作者)，男，1990年出生，博士。主要研究方向为轮轨引起的环境噪声、环境振动和高频振动问题，高铁及城轨的减振降噪。E-mail：cxglam@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金委员会-中国国家铁路集团有限公司铁路基础研究联合基金(U2468226)、中国博士后基金(2023M741156)和江西省自然科学基金(20232BAB214095)资助项目。

Research on High-frequency Response Characteristics of High-speed Train Wheels with TMDs

FENG Qingsong^1,2, LIU Jian^1,2, CHENG Gong^1,2, SHENG Xiaozhen³, HU Xingxing^1,2

1. State Key Laboratory of Safety and Resilience of Civil Engineering in Mountain Area, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013;
2. Engineering Research Center of Railway Environmental Vibration and Noise, Ministry of Education, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013;
3. School of Urban Rail Transportation, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620

Received:2025-08-13 Revised:2026-02-09 Published:2026-10-14

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 随着列车运行速度的增加，车轮的辐射噪声也变得更为重要。因此，研究调质阻尼器(Tuned mass damper，TMD)对旋转车轮高频响应的作用机制和特性是高速列车轮轨振动噪声优化控制的重点之一。以周期性排布调质阻尼器的高速列车车轮为研究对象，基于2.5维有限元法，推导高速列车TMD车轮的高频响应特性分析方法。并在此基础上，进一步考虑车-轨耦合相互作用，分析调谐阻尼器对于高速旋转车轮的高频响应影响。结果表明：调谐阻尼器可简化为弹簧-质量块模型与车轮耦合，据此可分析配备TMD的旋转车轮响应特性。TMD会改变结构振动特性，在径向可能引发一定共振效应，但对车轮轴向振动抑制效果良好；此外，低频TMD(346 Hz)仅在其工作频带内表现出有限的减振作用，而在高频范围内会诱发显著的振动放大效应；高频TMD(2 011 Hz)能够在宽频范围内显著抑制幅板与轮辋的高频法向振动且仅在少数低频区间出现轻微放大。

关键词: 调质阻尼器, 车轮振动抑制, 周期性结构旋转效应, 车-轨相互作用, 2.5维有限元法

Abstract: As the running speed of trains increases, the radiation noise of wheels becomes increasingly significant. Therefore, investigating the mechanism and characteristics of the tuned mass damper(TMD) on the high-frequency response of rotating wheels is one of the key focuses for optimizing the vibration and noise control of wheel-rail systems in high-speed trains. Taking high-speed train wheels with periodically arranged TMDs as the research object, a method for analyzing the high-frequency response characteristics of TMD-equipped wheels in high-speed trains is derived based on the 2.5-dimensional finite element method. Furthermore, by considering the vehicle-track coupling interaction, the influence of TMDs on the high-frequency response of high-speed rotating wheels is analyzed. The results indicate that the TMD can be simplified into a spring-mass model and coupled with the wheel, enabling the analysis of the response characteristics of rotating wheels equipped with TMDs. The TMD alters the structural vibration characteristics, potentially inducing certain resonance effects in the radial direction while effectively suppressing axial vibration of the wheel. Additionally, the low-frequency TMD(346 Hz) exhibits only limited vibration reduction within its tuning bandwidth, while inducing noticeable vibration amplification at higher frequencies. In contrast, the high-frequency TMD (2 011 Hz) effectively suppresses the high-frequency normal vibrations of the web and rim over a broad frequency range, with only slight amplification observed in a few low-frequency regions.

Key words: tuned mass damper, wheel vibration suppression, rotational effect of periodic structures, vehicle-track interaction, 2.5-dimensional finite element method

中图分类号:

U270
U491

冯青松, 刘健, 成功, 圣小珍, 胡星星. 高速列车TMD车轮的高频响应特性研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2026, 62(16): 207-216.

FENG Qingsong, LIU Jian, CHENG Gong, SHENG Xiaozhen, HU Xingxing. Research on High-frequency Response Characteristics of High-speed Train Wheels with TMDs[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(16): 207-216.

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高速列车TMD车轮的高频响应特性研究

Research on High-frequency Response Characteristics of High-speed Train Wheels with TMDs

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[2]	葛帅, 成功, 圣小珍, 史佳伟. 旋转对阻尼车轮降噪效果的影响分析[J]. 机械工程学报, 2021, 57(4): 164-173.