组合式动力吸振器协同参数优化、结构设计与实验验证

doi:10.3901/JME.260620

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 提出了可实现主振结构多方位、多模态协同抑振的组合式动力吸振器设计方法。以弱刚性悬臂结构为例，建立主振结构-组合式动力吸振器反馈力模型，基于子结构响应耦合综合法实现频响特性预测；提出可多方位、多模态综合优化的拓展H_∞优化准则，实现考虑质量分布及背景模态影响的组合式动力吸振器参数优化；基于数值仿真优化结果，采用精确约束理论与柔度矩阵法开展动力吸振器结构尺寸设计，并进行有限元分析；最后，开展动力吸振器特性及组合式动力吸振器抑制主振结构性能测试。结果表明，以抑制悬臂结构前三阶模态为例，动力吸振器可分别调谐至最优频率102.2 Hz，218.3 Hz，484.4 Hz；模态实验中原点频响函数各阶峰值分别下降30.86 dB、26.60 dB、20.04 dB，较经典H_∞准则平均下降22.41%。

关键词: 弱刚性结构, 动力吸振器, 参数优化, 柔度矩阵法, 模态测试

Abstract: A design methodology for combined dynamic vibration absorbers capable of achieving multi-directional and multi-modal collaborative vibration suppression for the primary vibrating structure is proposed. Taking a low-stiffness cantilevered structure as an example, a feedback force model of the primary structure and the dynamic vibration absorbers is established, and frequency response characteristics are predicted based on the receptance coupling synthesis analysis method. An extended H_∞ optimization criterion is proposed to achieve collaborative multi-directional and multi-modal optimization. This enables the parameter optimization of combined dynamic vibration absorbers considering mass distribution and the influence of background modes. Based on parameter optimization results, the absorber structure size design is realized through exact constraint theory and the flexibility matrix method, with validation through finite element analysis. Finally, experiments are conducted to evaluate the characteristics of the dynamic vibration absorbers and the performance of the combined dynamic vibration absorbers in suppressing the primary structure’s vibration. The results show that, taking the suppression of the first three modes of the cantilevered structure as an example, the dynamic vibration absorbers can be tuned to optimal frequencies of 102.2 Hz, 218.3 Hz, and 484.4 Hz respectively. In modal tests, the peak values of the driving-point frequency response functions decrease by 30.86 dB, 26.60 dB, and 20.04 dB for each mode, with an average reduction of 22.41% compared to the classical H_∞criterion.

Key words: low-stiffness structure, dynamic vibration absorber, parameter optimization, flexibility matrix method, modal testing

中图分类号:

TH113

张瑾丰, 杨毅青, 马文硕, 李龙鹏, 李东泽, 张润冬. 组合式动力吸振器协同参数优化、结构设计与实验验证[J]. 机械工程学报, 2026, 62(15): 566-577.

ZHANG Jinfeng, YANG Yiqing, MA Wenshuo, LI Longpeng, LI Dongze, ZHANG Rundong. Collaborative Parameter Optimization, Structural Design, and Experimental Verification of Combined Dynamic Vibration Absorbers[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(15): 566-577.

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http://www.cjmenet.com.cn/CN/Y2026/V62/I15/566

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