基于修改的SPH方法的液滴冲击压电梁流-固-电三维数值模型研究

doi:10.3901/JME.260312

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为准确预测液滴冲击压电梁的复杂流固耦合(Fluid-structure interaction, FSI)动力学现象及俘能结构力电耦合行为，基于光滑粒子流体动力学(Smoothed particle hydrodynamics, SPH)方法和Mindlin-Reissner板壳理论，分别构建了模拟液滴的弱可压缩SPH(Weakly compressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics, WC-SPH)模型和模拟薄壳（梁）结构的完全拉格朗日SPH(Total Lagrangian smoothed particle hydrodynamics, TL-SPH)壳单元模型，通过流固接触算法将WC-SPH和TL-SPH模型耦合，最终建立了液滴冲击压电梁流-固-电耦合高效三维数值模型。该模型考虑压电本构关系，采用壳体中面描述三维壳体变形，可准确模拟冲击实验中液滴呈现的铺展、反弹及飞溅等动力学行为，以及获得与实验结果高度吻合的压电梁耦合变形及输出电压，全面验证了SPH模型的有效性和准确性。利用该模型系统分析了冲击参数及关键结构参数对压电梁俘能性能的影响，研究结果为压电式液滴俘能系统的性能分析与优化设计提供了一种有效研究手段。

关键词: 光滑粒子流体动力学, 流固耦合, 液滴冲击, 压电效应, 能量收集

Abstract: To accurately predict the complex fluid-structure interactions (FSI) of droplet impact on piezoelectric beams and the electromechanical coupling behaviors, a three-dimensional numerical model is developed based on the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method and Mindlin-Reissner theory. This model integrates a weakly compressible SPH (WC-SPH) model for simulating the droplet and a total Lagrangian SPH (TL-SPH) shell model for simulating the thin-shell (beam) structure. The WC-SPH and TL-SPH models are coupled via a fluid-solid conatact algorithm to establish an efficient 3D numerical framework. By considering the piezoelectric constitutive relations and employing the shell mid-surface to describe the three-dimensional deformation of the structure, this model can accurately reproduce key droplet dynamics observed in impact experiments, such as spreading, rebound, and splashing. It can also predict the deformation and output voltage of the piezoelectric beam, achieving excellent agreement with experimental results, thereby comprehensively validating the effectiveness and accuracy of the SPH model. The influence of impact parameters and key structural parameters on the harvester performance is systematically analyzed. The research results serve as an effective tool for performance analysis and optimal design of piezoelectric droplet energy harvesting systems.

Key words: smoothed particle hydrodynamics, fluid-Structure Interaction, droplet impact, piezoelectric effect, energy harvesting

中图分类号:

TH113.1

郝冠男, 李志楠, 张洪信, 于然, 张帅. 基于修改的SPH方法的液滴冲击压电梁流-固-电三维数值模型研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2026, 62(13): 207-219.

HAO Guannan, LI Zhinan, ZHANG Hongxin, YU Ran, ZHANG Shuai. Fluid-structure-electrical Modeling of Droplet Impact on Piezoelectric Beams Using Modified SPH Method[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2026, 62(13): 207-219.

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链接本文: http://www.cjmenet.com.cn/CN/10.3901/JME.260312

http://www.cjmenet.com.cn/CN/Y2026/V62/I13/207

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