机械结构概率疲劳研究：现状及展望

doi:10.3901/JME.2025.08.047

机械工程学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (8): 47-74.doi: 10.3901/JME.2025.08.047

• 材料科学与工程 • 上一篇

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机械结构概率疲劳研究：现状及展望

廖鼎¹, 朱顺鹏^1,2,3, 牛晓鹏¹, 何金超¹, 王清远^2,3

1. 电子科技大学机械与电气工程学院成都 611731;
2. 四川大学破坏力学与工程防灾减灾四川省重点实验室成都 610065;
3. 四川大学深地科学与工程教育部重点实验室成都 610065

收稿日期:2024-04-03 修回日期:2024-11-25 发布日期:2025-05-10
作者简介:廖鼎，男，1994年出生，博士研究生。主要研究方向为主要研究方向为概率疲劳建模与结构完整性评估。E-mail：liaoding.cn@gmail.com;朱顺鹏(通信作者)，男，1983年出生，博士，教授，博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为结构强度与疲劳可靠性分析、损伤容限设计与寿命预测、人工智能与健康评估。E-mail：zspeng2007@uestc.edu.cn;王清远，男，1965 年出生，博士，教授，博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为新型材料与结构力学问题、超长寿命疲劳与可靠性、实验力学等。E-mail：wangqy@scu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金重点(12232004)和深地科学与工程教育部重点实验室(四川大学)开放基金(DESE201901)资助项目。

Probabilistic Fatigue Research of Mechanical Structures: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends

LIAO Ding¹, ZHU Shunpeng^1,2,3, NIU Xiaopeng¹, HE Jinchao¹, WANG Qingyuan^2,3

1. School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731;
2. Failure Mechanics and Engineering Disaster Prevention and Mitigation, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065;
3. MOE Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065

Received:2024-04-03 Revised:2024-11-25 Published:2025-05-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 疲劳是循环载荷作用下机械结构最常见的失效模式之一。受源自材料、载荷、尺寸等方面的多源不确定性因素影响，疲劳损伤演化往往呈现不容忽视的分散特征。尤其，当计算对输入的细微变化极其敏感时，参数在合理范围波动所导致的疲劳寿命差异可达千倍。此时，传统确定性模型耦合安全/分散系数的设计准则不再适用，亟待发展可有效量化描述疲劳行为分散性的概率模型，以面向现代结构工程领域基于可靠性的最优化设计发展趋势，满足设计冗余度检测以及检修周期、维护间隔及除役条件确定等需求。为促进概率疲劳研究发展、凸显其在疲劳可靠性设计中的重要性，概述了概率疲劳研究背景、疲劳分散性来源、疲劳行为分散特征、疲劳可靠性等基本要素及该方向研究前沿，最后结合全文内容作出总结。

关键词: 概率疲劳, 不确定性, 设计理论, 分散性统计, 可靠性

Abstract: Fatigue failure is one of the most encountered problems with cyclically loaded mechanical structures. Affected by multi-source uncertainties arising from material property, load spectrum, geometrical dimension, etc., fatigue damage evolution generally shows certain variability which cannot be ignored. In particular, the computation is sometimes very sensitive to tiny input changes, in which varying quantities over reasonable ranges can even lead to outputs with 1 000 times difference. Under this circumstance, traditional design criteria which combine deterministic models and safety/scatter factors no longer work, and methods developed from the probabilistic perspective with reasonable and accurate descriptions of uncertain inputs are highly expected to meet the requirements, including the determination of the redundancy and inspection periods, as well as the establishment of maintenance schedules, and retirement policies, in response to the tendency of reliability-based optimal design in modern structural engineering. To boost the development of probabilistic fatigue modelling and emphasize its crucial significance in fatigue reliability design, this paper systematically recalls research backgrounds, fatigue scatter sources, fatigue behaviour variability, basic elements in fatigue reliability and developing trends, and ends with conclusions.

Key words: probabilistic fatigue, uncertainty, design theory, variability statistics, reliability

中图分类号:

TH123

廖鼎, 朱顺鹏, 牛晓鹏, 何金超, 王清远. 机械结构概率疲劳研究：现状及展望[J]. 机械工程学报, 2025, 61(8): 47-74.

LIAO Ding, ZHU Shunpeng, NIU Xiaopeng, HE Jinchao, WANG Qingyuan. Probabilistic Fatigue Research of Mechanical Structures: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 61(8): 47-74.

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机械结构概率疲劳研究：现状及展望

Probabilistic Fatigue Research of Mechanical Structures: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends

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