孔挤压量对碳纤维增强复合材料孔壁损伤与疲劳性能的影响

doi:10.3901/JME.2025.07.134

机械工程学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (7): 134-143.doi: 10.3901/JME.2025.07.134

• 特邀专栏：先进纤维增强复合材料加工 • 上一篇下一篇

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孔挤压量对碳纤维增强复合材料孔壁损伤与疲劳性能的影响

王晨光^1,2, 王海航^1,2, 杨杰^1,2, 凡志磊³, 周恩涛³, 葛恩德³, 安庆龙^1,2, 陈明^1,2

1. 上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院上海 200240;
2. 上海交通大学机械系统与振动国家重点实验室上海 200240;
3. 中国商飞上海飞机制造有限公司上海 200436

收稿日期:2024-05-28 修回日期:2024-11-10 发布日期:2025-05-12
作者简介:王晨光，男，1995年出生，博士研究生。主要研究方向为复合材料与金属材料的抗疲劳制造工艺与原理。E-mail：wcg10566@sjtu.edu.cn
安庆龙(通信作者)，男，1977年出生，博士，教授，博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为复合材料高效加工，结构损伤与抗疲劳制造，切削过程仿真与智能加工。E-mail：qlan@sjtu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(52375454)和国家商用飞机制造工程技术研究中心创新基金(COMAC-SFGS-2022-1969)资助项目。

The Effect of Expansion Deformation on the Damage of Hole Wall and Fatigue Performance of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composite Materials

WANG Chenguang^1,2, WANG Haihang^1,2, YANG Jie^1,2, FAN Zhilei³, ZHOU Entao³, GE Ende³, AN Qinglong^1,2, CHEN Ming^1,2

1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240;
2. State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240;
3. Shanghai Aircraft Manufacturing Factory, Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China, Shanghai 200436

Received:2024-05-28 Revised:2024-11-10 Published:2025-05-12

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)是先进飞行器中广泛使用的结构材料，其构件常通过机械连接应用于重要承力部位。这些结构在服役过程中需承受复杂的交变载荷，对其疲劳性能提出较高的要求。但CFRP构件中的结构孔在机械连接过程中易受螺栓的挤压作用，发生疲劳失效，影响飞行器的长期服役性能。针对上述问题，本研究提出一种CFRP孔挤压强化工艺，并通过仿真与实验结合的方式研究了挤压量对CFRP孔壁损伤和疲劳性能的影响，揭示了孔挤压工艺对CFRP/Ti连接件疲劳寿命的增益机理。研究结果表明，随着CFRP孔挤压量增加，挤压力不断增大，损伤也愈发严重。挤压量超过4%时发生严重损伤，损伤主要形式为0°层的纤维压缩断裂、90°层的纤维压弯断裂以及各层的基体压缩断裂损伤。孔挤压过程中压入的衬套可以降低CFRP/Ti连接件受载过程中螺栓对CFRP的挤压作用，减少应力集中，防止CFRP被压溃导致过早疲劳失效。挤压量为3%时，试样的疲劳寿命是普通试样的3.5倍，增益最为明显。挤压量过大所导致的过多初始损伤会使CFRP疲劳寿命增益受到抑制。

关键词: 复合材料, 孔挤压, 挤压量, 损伤, 疲劳性能

Abstract: Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) is a widely used structural material in advanced aircraft, and its components are often used in important load-bearing areas through bolted joint. These structures need to withstand complex alternating loads during service, which puts high demands on their fatigue performance. However, The structural holes in CFRP components are easily subjected to bolt compression during mechanical connection. This will cause fatigue failure of these components, affecting the long-term service performance of the aircraft. To address the above problems, this work proposes a CFRP hole expansion strengthening process. The influence of expansion deformation on the damage of CFRP hole walls and fatigue performance was studied through a combination of simulation and experiment, and the gain mechanism of hole expansion process on the fatigue life of CFRP/Ti connectors was explained. The results indicate that as the expansion deformation increases, the expansion force continuously increases. The damage to CFRP holes is also more severe. When the expansion deformation exceeds 4%, serious damage occurs to the hole wall. The main forms of damage are fiber compression fracture in the 0 ° layer, fiber compression bending fracture in the 90 ° layer, and matrix compression fracture damage in each layer. The bushing pressed into the hole during the expansion process can reduce the compression effect of the bolt on the CFRP hole during the loading process of the CFRP/Ti connector. It can avoid stress concentration and prevent premature fatigue failure caused by CFRP crushing. When the expansion deformation is 3%, the fatigue life of the specimen is 3.5 times that of the ordinary specimen, and the gain is the most significant. Excessive initial damage will suppress the fatigue life gain of CFRP when the expansion deformation is too large.

Key words: composite materials, hole expansion, deformation, damage, fatigue performance

中图分类号:

TG54

王晨光, 王海航, 杨杰, 凡志磊, 周恩涛, 葛恩德, 安庆龙, 陈明. 孔挤压量对碳纤维增强复合材料孔壁损伤与疲劳性能的影响[J]. 机械工程学报, 2025, 61(7): 134-143.

WANG Chenguang, WANG Haihang, YANG Jie, FAN Zhilei, ZHOU Entao, GE Ende, AN Qinglong, CHEN Ming. The Effect of Expansion Deformation on the Damage of Hole Wall and Fatigue Performance of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composite Materials[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 61(7): 134-143.

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孔挤压量对碳纤维增强复合材料孔壁损伤与疲劳性能的影响

The Effect of Expansion Deformation on the Damage of Hole Wall and Fatigue Performance of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composite Materials

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