液体定向自驱动输运结构设计与制造研究进展

doi:10.3901/JME.2025.03.376

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 液体定向自驱动输运结构，是指液体在没有外场作用下，利用液体表面能驱动液体向特定方向移动、铺展或穿透的结构。自然界中的许多生物，如仙人掌、猪笼草、蜘蛛、蜥蜴等，能利用液体定向自驱动输运结构收集或排出水，保障各种生命活动的进行。由于不需要外界额外提供能量，液体定向自驱动输运结构便于实现设备的轻量化，在医学、化工、能源、服装等领域有着广阔的应用前景。对液体定向自驱动输运结构的最新发展和应用进行了全面综述，介绍了液体定向自驱动输运的原理以及在不同温度、湿度环境下的应用，总结了不同的液体定向自驱动输运结构的设计与制造研究进展。最后，概述了液体定向自驱动输运结构的发展现状及面临的挑战，并对未来的研究进行了科学预测和展望。

关键词: 表面结构, 液体定向输运, 微结构制造, 液体表面能

Abstract: Unidirectional liquid self-driven transport structure refers to the structure in which the liquid is able to move, spread or penetrate in a specific direction driven by the surface energy of the liquid without the action of external field. Many organisms in nature, such as cacti, pitcher plants, spiders, lizards, etc., can collect or discharge water with their unidirectional liquid self-driven transport structures to ensure their life activities. Because of no requirement of additional energy input, the unidirectional liquid self-driven transport structure is convenient to realize the lightweight of the equipment, and has a broad application prospect in medicine, chemical industry, energy, clothing and other fields. The principles of unidirectional liquid self-driven transport are introduced, the development and application of unidirectional liquid self-driven transport structure are reviewed, and the research progress of the design and fabrication of different unidirectional liquid self-driven transport structure is summarized. Finally, the development status and challenges of unidirectional liquid self-driven transport structures are summarized, and the future research is scientifically predicted and prospected.

Key words: surface structure, unidirectional liquid transport, microstructure manufacturing, liquid surface energy

中图分类号:

F416

唐恒, 谢岩松, 孙亚隆, 伍春霞, 汤勇. 液体定向自驱动输运结构设计与制造研究进展[J]. 机械工程学报, 2025, 61(3): 376-391.

TANG Heng, XIE Yansong, SUN Yalong, WU Chunxia, TANG Yong. Research Progress on Design and Fabrication of Unidirectional Liquid Self-driven Transport Structure[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 61(3): 376-391.

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