基于J-A模型的双相钢金相占比无损预测方法与试验研究

doi:10.3901/JME.2025.14.142

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 双相钢是由马氏体或奥氏体与铁素体基体构成的钢，不同金相占比的钢种其材料力学性能也不同。光学金相观测是对钢铁材料金相识别应用最广的方法，观测前需要对被测对象进行磨制、侵蚀等步骤，破坏材料表面的结构完整性。为实现对双相钢材料金相占比的无损评估，试验测试5种双相钢的磁滞回线检测结果，建立基于J-A方程的磁滞模型，选取马氏体和铁素体含量最高的磁滞回线结果作为已知项，利用双相响应剂量函数预测其他三种材料的磁滞结果，基于试验测量马氏体和铁素体含量较高的钢种，利用双相响应剂量拟合函数对两相含量接近的材料进行预测，预测结果与试验结果对比。分析结果表明：基于J-A模型的金相组织占比预测方法，能表征矫顽力与马氏体占比呈正相关的变化规律，并进一步分析了剩磁和饱和磁感应强度与试验结果不一致的原因。

关键词: J-A模型, 双相钢, 金相占比, 无损检测

Abstract: Duplex steels are steels composed of martensite or austenite with a ferrite matrix, and the mechanical properties of the material are varied for steels with different metallographic occupancies. Optical metallographic observation is the most widely used method for metallographic identification of steel materials, and before observation, steps such as grinding and erosion are required to be carried out on the measured object, which results in the destruction of the structural integrity of the material surface. To realize the non-destructive assessment of the metallographic percentage of duplex steel materials, the hysteresis detection results of five kinds of duplex steels are experimentally tested, a hysteresis model based on the J-A equation is established, and the hysteresis results with the highest martensite and ferrite contents are selected as the known terms. The hysteresis results of the other three materials are predicted by using the diphasic response dose function based on the experimental measurements of the steel grades with high martensite and ferrite contents. The diphasic response dose function is applied for materials with close content of both phases, and the predicted results are compared with the experimental results. The analysis results show that the prediction method of metallographic organization occupancy based on the J-A model can be used to characterize the change rule of coercivity, which is positively correlated with martensite occupancy. Furthermore, the reason why the remanent magnetism and saturation magnetic induction strength are inconsistent with the experimental results is analyzed.

Key words: Jiles-Atherton model, duplex steel, metallographic percentage, non-destructive testing

中图分类号:

TH878

吴斌, 周鑫华, 王钰珏, 刘秀成, 李鹏. 基于J-A模型的双相钢金相占比无损预测方法与试验研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2025, 61(14): 142-149.

WU Bin, ZHOU Xinhua, WANG Yujue, LIU Xiucheng, LI Peng. Non-destructive Prediction Method and Experimental Investigation of Metallographic Occupation Ratio in Duplex Steel Based on J-A Model[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2025, 61(14): 142-149.

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