• CN:11-2187/TH
  • ISSN:0577-6686

机械工程学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (11): 23-33.doi: 10.3901/JME.2025.11.023

• 机器人及机构学 • 上一篇    

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闭腔充气式软体机器人设计与变形试验

程天翊, 于海涛, 陈建, 巩薇, 高海波   

  1. 哈尔滨工业大学机器人技术与系统国家重点实验室 哈尔滨 150080
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-09 修回日期:2025-04-01 发布日期:2025-07-12
  • 作者简介:程天翊,男,1999年出生,博士研究生。主要研究方向为宇航空间机构与控制、软体机器人设计。E-mail:23b908131@stu.hit.edu.cn;于海涛(通信作者),男,1984年出生,博士,研究员,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为宇航空间机构与控制、星球探测机器人技术。E-mail:yht@hit.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    机器人技术与系统国家重点实验室博士创新基金(SKLRS-2022-ZM-05)资助项目。

Design and Deformation Testing of a Closed-chamber Inflatable Soft Robot

CHENG Tianyi, YU Haitao, CHEN Jian, GONG Wei, GAO Haibo   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080
  • Received:2024-12-09 Revised:2025-04-01 Published:2025-07-12

摘要: 针对传统机械臂在狭窄空间探测中适应性不足及传统软体机器人可控性较差的问题,提出一种兼顾软体可重构和运动可控的新型闭腔充气式软体机器人“刚-柔组合”构型方案,通过对定量化分析充气软管在被动弯折过程的褶皱特性,建立了闭腔软管被动弯折的形变模型。在此基础上,设计了具有可附着于充气软管外壁进行爬行、旋转和弯折的刚性变形关节,实现闭腔软体机器人的多模式变形;在对变形关节进行爬行、弯折阶段受力分析的基础上,采用刚-柔耦合有限元仿真获取了变形关节构型对充气软管被动弯折形状和精度的影响规律;搭建了试验平台对闭腔充气式软体机器人进行了运动性能验证。本研究有望为闭腔充气式软体机器人在狭窄、多避让环境中的探测应用提供理论基础和技术支持。

关键词: 软体机器人, 闭腔充气结构, 多模式变形关节, 狭窄空间探测

Abstract: To address the limited adaptability of traditional robotic arms in narrow-space exploration and insufficient controllability of conventional soft robots, a novel “rigid-soft hybrid” configuration for a closed-chamber inflatable soft robot is proposed. This design balances the reconfigurability of soft materials with the controllability of motion. Through a quantitative analysis of wrinkling characteristics during passive bending, a deformation model of the closed-chamber inflatable tube is established. Based on this, rigid deformable joints are designed, which can attach to the outer surface of the inflatable tube for crawling, rotation, and bending, enabling multi-modal deformation of the closed-chamber soft robot. In addition, force analyses during crawling and bending phases of the deformable joints are performed, and rigid-soft coupled finite element simulations are employed to investigate the effects of different joint configurations on the deformation shape and precision during passive bending in the inflatable tube. An experimental platform is established to validate the motion performance of the closed-chamber inflatable soft robot. This study is expected to provide a theoretical foundation and technical support for the exploration applications of closed-chamber inflatable soft robots in narrow, obstacle-avoidance environments.

Key words: soft robot, closed-chamber inflatable structure, multi-mode deformable joint, narrow space exploration

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