蚁穴式节流元件控压机理和空化特性研究

doi:10.3901/JME.2024.16.348

机械工程学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (16): 348-356.doi: 10.3901/JME.2024.16.348

扫码分享

蚁穴式节流元件控压机理和空化特性研究

刘银水¹, 丁爽爽², 马玉山³, 吴新宇², 韩明兴⁴, 崔岩¹

1. 华中科技大学机械科学与工程学院武汉 430074;
2. 兰州理工大学能源与动力工程学院兰州 730050;
3. 六盘山实验室银川 750002;
4. 华中农业大学工学院武汉 430070

收稿日期:2023-10-12 修回日期:2024-03-22 出版日期:2024-08-20 发布日期:2024-10-21
作者简介:刘银水,男,1973年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为深海水液压元件。E-mail:liuwater@hust.edu.cn
崔岩(通信作者),男,1985年出生,博士,副教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为流体力学与极地液压技术等。E-mail:yan_cui@hust.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018YFB2004001)。

Research on the Pressure Control Mechanism and Cavitation Characteristics of Ant-hole Throttling Element

LIU Yinshui¹, DING Shuangshuang², MA Yushan³, WU Xinyu², HAN Mingxing⁴, CUI Yan¹

1. School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074;
2. School of Energy and Power Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050;
3. Liupanshan Laboratory, Yinchuan 750002;
4. School of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070

Received:2023-10-12 Revised:2024-03-22 Online:2024-08-20 Published:2024-10-21

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对高压大流量条件下控制阀节流元件减压控速不平稳、空化气蚀严重等问题，提出一种新型空间蚁穴式节流元件。基于计算流体动力学(Computational fluid dynamics，CFD)仿真分析，详细对比研究节流元件级间压力、速度及气体体积分数在不同降压级数、不同压力等级下的变化规律，获得不同降压级数的临界空化压力值，与常规迷宫式节流元件的流场特征进行对比。搭建试验系统测得不同降压级数节流元件在不同阀口压降条件下的级间压力和流量并与仿真结果对比。结果表明，相比迷宫式节流结构，蚁穴式节流元件减压控速更平稳，具有更好的线性度。蚁穴式节流元件空化主要发生在最后一级，阀口压降与降压级数之间呈线性关系。基于所获得的阀口压降与降压级数之间的线性关系表达式，可为设计最佳的降压等级与降压级数组合提供理论指导，避免空化气蚀的发生，提高控制阀的使用寿命。试验测得数据与仿真数据一致性较好，验证了仿真模型的准确性。

关键词: 蚁穴式节流元件, 空化汽蚀, 减压控速, 流场仿真计算

Abstract: Under the conditions of high pressure and large flow, the throttle element of the control valve has problems such as unstable decompression and speed control and serious cavitation erosion. A new type of ant-hole throttling element(ATE) is proposed. Based on the CFD simulation analysis, the variation laws of the inter-stage pressure, velocity and vapor phase volume fraction of the throttling element under different pressure reduction stages and different pressure levels were studied in detail. The critical cavitation pressure values of different depressurization stages are obtained and compared with the flow field characteristics of conventional labyrinth throttling elements. An experimental system is built to measure the inter-stage pressure and flow of throttling elements with different pressure reduction stages under different valve port pressure drop conditions and compared with the simulation results. The results show that：Compared with the labyrinth type throttling structure, the ant-hole type throttling element is more stable in decompression and speed control, and has better linearity. The cavitation of the ATE mainly occurs in the last stage, and there is a linear relationship between the pressure drop at the valve port and the number of pressure reduction stages. Based on the obtained expression of the linear relationship between the pressure drop at the valve port and the number of pressure reduction stages, theoretical guidance is provided for designing the optimal combination of pressure reduction levels and pressure reduction stages. Thereby avoiding the occurrence of cavitation and improving the service life of the control valve. The experimental data is in good agreement with the simulation data, which verifies the accuracy of the simulation model.

Key words: ant nest type throttling element, cavitation, decompression and speed control, flow field simulation calculation

中图分类号:

TH134

刘银水, 丁爽爽, 马玉山, 吴新宇, 韩明兴, 崔岩. 蚁穴式节流元件控压机理和空化特性研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2024, 60(16): 348-356.

LIU Yinshui, DING Shuangshuang, MA Yushan, WU Xinyu, HAN Mingxing, CUI Yan. Research on the Pressure Control Mechanism and Cavitation Characteristics of Ant-hole Throttling Element[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2024, 60(16): 348-356.

参考文献

[1] 徐晓刚. 高压差迷宫式多级降压调节阀内部流动特性分析研究[D]. 兰州:兰州理工大学,2013. XU Xiaogang. Analysis of internal flow characteristics of high pressure differential labyrinth multistage buck control valve[D]. Lanzhou:Lanzhou University of Technology,2013.
[2] 彭健,何世权,刘帅帅,等. 多级降压调节阀结构改进与两相流模拟[J]. 热能动力工程,2020,35(5):253-261. PENG Jian,HE Shiquan,LIU Shuaishuai,et al. Structural improvement of multistage buck regulator valve and simulation of two-phase flow[J]. Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy and Power,2020,35(5):253-261.
[3] 彭健,何世权. 高压调节阀结构改进与汽蚀仿真[J]. 液压与气动,2019(3):120-125. PENG Jian,HE Shiquan. Structural improvement and cavitation simulation of high pressure control valve[J]. Chinese Hydraulics & Pneumatics,2019(3):120-125.
[4] 刘佳,何庆中,刘晓叙. 高压差迷宫式调节阀流道设计研究[J]. 液压与气动,2016(11):72-76. LIU Jia,HE Qingzhong,LIU Xiaoxu. Study on flow channel design of high pressure differential labyrinth control valve[J]. Chinese Hydraulics & Pneumatics,2016(11):72-76.
[5] 董学莲,罗皓,周荣,等. 一种新型迷宫式调节阀流场特性分析[J]. 热力发电,2018,47(10):70-76. DONG Xuelian,LUO Hao,ZHOU Rong,et al. Analysis of flow field characteristics of a novel labyrinth regulating valve[J]. Thermal Power Generation,2018,47(10):70-76.
[6] 李树勋,丁强伟,徐晓刚,等. 超(超)临界多级套筒调节阀空化抑制模拟研究[J]. 华中科技大学学报(自然科学版),2015,43(3):37-41. LI Shuxun,DING Qiangwei,XU Xiaogang,et al. Simulation study on cavitation inhibition of supercritical multi-stage sleeve control valve[J]. Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (Nature Science Edition),2015,43(3):37-41.
[7] WANG Haimin,ZHAO Yue,WANG Jianxing. Simulation of flow characteristics for a labyrinth passage in a pressure valve[J]. Journal of Hydrodynamics,2016,28(4):629-636.
[8] CHEMEUL J,SILIVVINA M I J C,ENGINEERING P. Modern designs and design calculations for multistage regulating valves[J]. Chemical and Petroleum Engineering,1998,34(1):47-54.
[9] BERESTOVITSKIY E G,ERMILOV M A,KIZILOV P I,et al. Research of an influence of throttle element perforation on hydrodynamic noise in control valves of hydraulic systems[J]. Procedia Engineering,2015,106:284-295.
[10] JANKOWSKI T,SCHMIERER E,PRENGER F,et al. A series pressure drop representation for flow through orifice tubes[J]. Journal of Fluids Engineering,2008,130(5):201-208.
[11] 龙新平,王炯,左丹. 文丘里管不同空化阶段空化不稳定特性的试验研究[J]. 机械工程学报,2018,54(2):209-215. LONG Xinping,WANG Jiong,ZUO Dan. Experimental study on cavitation instability characteristics of venturi tube at different cavitation stages[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2018,54(2):209-215.
[12] 汪健生,刘志毅. 管道节流过程中气蚀的数值模拟[J]. 机械工程学报,2008,44(12):100-104. WANG Jiansheng,LIU Zhiyi. Numerical simulation of cavitation during pipeline throttling[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2008,44(12):100-104.
[13] QIAN Jinyuan,ZHANG Ming,LEI Linan,et al. Mach number analysis on multi-stage perforated plates in high pressure reducing valve[J]. Energy Conversion and Management,2016,119:81-90.
[14] 廉嘉庚,袁俊杰,叶灵宋. 高压差迷宫式调节阀的流道设计理论及模拟研究[J]. 流体测量与控制,2021,2(2):15-21. LIAN Jiageng,YUAN Junjie,YE Lingsong. Flow channel design theory and simulation of high-pressure differential labyrinth control valve[J]. Fluid Power Transmission & Control,2021,2(2):15-21.

蚁穴式节流元件控压机理和空化特性研究

Research on the Pressure Control Mechanism and Cavitation Characteristics of Ant-hole Throttling Element

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 2

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	唐进元;陈海锋;王祁波. 考虑间隙与摩擦时的齿轮传动动力学键合图建模研究[J]. , 2011, 47(9): 53-59.
[2]	康辉民;陈小安;陈文曲;周明红;单文桃;刘俊峰. U/f控制下高速电主轴的低频电压补偿与负载特性分析[J]. , 2011, 47(9): 132-138.