低温冷源对动力电池包内部温湿特性影响分析

doi:10.3901/JME.2024.14.227

机械工程学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (14): 227-237.doi: 10.3901/JME.2024.14.227

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低温冷源对动力电池包内部温湿特性影响分析

陈吉清^1,2, 陶洪达^1,2, 兰凤崇^1,2, 李伟健^1,2, 蒋心平^1,2

1. 华南理工大学机械与汽车工程学院广州 510640;
2. 广东省汽车工程重点实验室广州 510640

收稿日期:2023-06-14 修回日期:2024-04-09 出版日期:2024-07-20 发布日期:2024-08-29
作者简介:陈吉清,女,1966年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为汽车结构与安全技术、汽车环境适应性理论与方法。E-mail:chjq@scut.edu.cn;陶洪达,男,1996年出生,硕士研究生。主要研究方向为电池包环境可靠性。E-mail:mehdtao@mail.scut.edu.cn;兰凤崇(通信作者),男,1959年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为汽车结构与安全技术、新能源汽车动力系统理论与技术。E-mail:fclan@scut.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2018YFB0104100)和广东省省级科技计划(2015B010137002，2014B010106002)资助项目。

Analysis of the Influence of Low-temperature Cold Source on the Internal Temperature and Humidity Characteristics of Power Battery Packs

CHEN Jiqing^1,2, TAO Hongda^1,2, LAN Fengchong^1,2, LI Weijian^1,2, JIANG Xinping^1,2

1. School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640;
2. Guangdong Key Laboratory of Automotive Engineering, Guangzhou 510640

Received:2023-06-14 Revised:2024-04-09 Online:2024-07-20 Published:2024-08-29

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 电动汽车动力电池包结构中，液冷是一种重要的散热形式，其与电池包内部空气的热交换作用不仅增大了电池包内环境相对湿度，还强化了与外部环境的热质交互，增加包内潮湿冷凝风险，从而引起系统安全可靠性问题。同时电池包内环境温湿分布以及水分蒸发冷凝的动态演化过程难以在实际应用中监测。研究为此分析电池包内外环境之间的热质传递物理过程，通过开口系统模型阐述内外传热传质关系，根据非等温流动方程、水蒸气对流扩散方程和蒸发冷凝方程建立电池包微环境热质传递模型。结合小型动力电池包结构特征建立数值分析模型，探究电池包内部“温-湿-流”多场耦合规律。通过分析不同冷却强度下电池包内环境的温湿演化，明确低温冷源对水汽传输和冷凝的增强作用。所构建模型高效地阐述电池包内部水汽传输和冷凝特征，揭示低温冷源使电池包底部潮湿，冷却强度越大冷凝量越大，电池包内外水汽传输程度越强的规律。

关键词: 动力电池包, 温湿耦合, 瞬态数值分析, 低温冷凝

Abstract: In the battery pack(BP) structure of electric vehicles, liquid cooling is an important form of heat dissipation. The relative humidity value in the BP is increased and the interaction of heat and mass between the internal environment and the external environment is enhanced bythe heat exchange between the cooling plate and the air in the BP, and the risk of damp and condensation in the BP is further increased, causing system safety and reliability problems. The temperature and humidity distribution in the BP and the dynamic evolution process of water evaporation and condensation are difficult to monitor in practical applications. For this purpose, the heat and mass transfer between the internal and external environments of the BPare analyzed, and theheat and mass transfer relationship between the internal and external of the BP is described through the open system model, and then the microenvironment heat and mass transfer model of the BP is established based on the heat flow control equations, the water vapor transport equations and the evaporation-condensation equations. Combined with the structural features of the small power battery pack, a numerical analysis model is established to investigate the temperature-humidity-flow multi-field coupling law in the BP. By analyzing the temperature and humidity evolution of the internal environment of the BP under different cooling intensities, it is clear that the low-temperature cold source enhances water vapor transmission and condensation. The characteristics of water vapor transport and condensation inside the BP is efficiently described by the model. The following conclusions can be drawn, the bottom area in the BP tend to be wet under the action of the low temperature cold source; the greater the cooling intensity, the greater the amount of condensation, and the greater the degree of water vapor transmission.

Key words: power battery pack, temperature and humidity coupling, transient numerical analysis, low temperature condensation

中图分类号:

TG156

陈吉清, 陶洪达, 兰凤崇, 李伟健, 蒋心平. 低温冷源对动力电池包内部温湿特性影响分析[J]. 机械工程学报, 2024, 60(14): 227-237.

CHEN Jiqing, TAO Hongda, LAN Fengchong, LI Weijian, JIANG Xinping. Analysis of the Influence of Low-temperature Cold Source on the Internal Temperature and Humidity Characteristics of Power Battery Packs[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2024, 60(14): 227-237.

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低温冷源对动力电池包内部温湿特性影响分析

Analysis of the Influence of Low-temperature Cold Source on the Internal Temperature and Humidity Characteristics of Power Battery Packs

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